O'Hara D A, Fragen R J, Kinzer M, Pemberton D
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1987 May;41(5):556-61. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1987.71.
Ketorolac tromethamine, a nonnarcotic, prostaglandin synthesis-inhibiting analgesic, was compared with morphine sulfate for relief of moderate to severe postoperative pain. The 155 patient participants received single intramuscular doses of either ketorolac, 10, 30, or 90 mg, or morphine, 6 or 12 mg, administered in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Pain scores (verbal and visual analog) were recorded at baseline and assessed at 30 minutes and then hourly to 6 hours. Pain relief was rated at the same times. Ketorolac, 90 and 30 mg, was rated significantly better than morphine, 6 mg, at each assessment interval after 1 hour. Ketorolac, 90 and 30 mg, was rated similarly to morphine, 12 mg, for the first 3 hours and better than morphine, 12 mg, 4 hours after injection. There were no serious side effects reported. The only side effect reported in more than 3% of patients was 8% somnolence with morphine. This study shows ketorolac to be a safe and effective analgesic for relief of postoperative pain.
将酮咯酸氨丁三醇（一种非麻醉性、抑制前列腺素合成的镇痛药）与硫酸吗啡用于缓解中重度术后疼痛进行了比较。155名患者参与者以双盲、随机方式接受单次肌内注射剂量的酮咯酸（10毫克、30毫克或90毫克）或吗啡（6毫克或12毫克）。在基线时记录疼痛评分（语言评分和视觉模拟评分），并在30分钟时进行评估，然后每小时评估一次，直至6小时。同时对疼痛缓解情况进行评级。在1小时后的每个评估间隔，90毫克和30毫克的酮咯酸在疼痛缓解评级上显著优于6毫克的吗啡。在注射后的前3小时，90毫克和30毫克的酮咯酸在疼痛缓解评级上与12毫克的吗啡相似，在注射4小时后优于12毫克的吗啡。未报告严重副作用。在超过3%的患者中报告的唯一副作用是使用吗啡时有8%的患者出现嗜睡。这项研究表明酮咯酸是一种安全有效的缓解术后疼痛的镇痛药。
