中国儿童和青少年高尿酸血症的患病率及相关因素：11 项基于人群的研究汇总分析。
Prevalence and related factors of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents: a pooled analysis of 11 population-based studies.
机构信息
Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, PR China.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China.
出版信息
Ann Med. 2022 Dec;54(1):1608-1615. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2083670.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Hyperuricaemia can lead to gout and is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricaemia and its related factors in Chinese children and adolescents.
METHODS
We pooled data from 11 population-based studies comprising 54,580 participants aged 3-19 years. The sex- and age-standardized prevalence of hyperuricaemia was estimated overall and by sex, age, weight status, geographic region and survey year.
RESULTS
Serum uric acid (SUA) increased gradually from 3 to 11 years with no significant sex difference, and then increased dramatically during 11-15 years. The estimated overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 23.3% (26.6% in boys and 19.8% in girls, < .001). The prevalence increased with growing age (3.7, 9.8, 15.8, 35.5 and 31.7% among children aged 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-15 and 16-19 years, respectively, for trend < .001) and with increasing weight status (18.2, 37.6, 50.6 and 64.5% among children with non-overweight, overweight, obesity and extreme obesity, respectively, for trend < .001). The prevalence was higher in North than in South (24.2 . 19.7%, < .001), and increased markedly from 16.7% during 2009-2015 to 24.8% during 2016-2019. In multivariable regression analyses, sex, age, obesity, region and survey year were independently associated with odds of hyperuricaemia.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents is unexpectedly high. The findings suggest an urgent need to implement effective interventions to reduce risk of hyperuricaemia in Chinese youths.KEY MESSAGES What is the prevalence of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents? In this large pooled cross-sectional study comprising >50,000 children and adolescents aged 3-19 years, we found that the prevalence of hyperuricaemia was high in overall population and subgroups of sex, age, obesity, region and survey year. Our findings indicate that hyperuricaemia is an important health problem in Chinese children and adolescents, and effective intervention strategies are needed to reduce its burden.
背景与目的
高尿酸血症可导致痛风，并与代谢性心血管疾病风险增加相关。本研究旨在调查中国儿童和青少年高尿酸血症的流行情况及其相关因素。
方法
我们汇总了来自 11 项基于人群的研究数据，共纳入了 54580 名 3-19 岁的参与者。采用性别和年龄标准化的方法，估计高尿酸血症的总体患病率以及按性别、年龄、体重状况、地理位置和调查年份分层的患病率。
结果
血清尿酸（SUA）水平在 3-11 岁时随年龄逐渐增加，男女之间无显著差异，随后在 11-15 岁时急剧增加。总体高尿酸血症的患病率为 23.3%（男孩为 26.6%，女孩为 19.8%，<0.001）。患病率随年龄增长而增加（3-5 岁、6-8 岁、9-11 岁、12-15 岁和 16-19 岁的儿童分别为 3.7%、9.8%、15.8%、35.5%和 31.7%，趋势<0.001），也随体重状况增加而增加（非超重、超重、肥胖和极度肥胖的儿童分别为 18.2%、37.6%、50.6%和 64.5%，趋势<0.001）。北方地区的患病率高于南方（24.2%比 19.7%，<0.001），且自 2009-2015 年的 16.7%显著上升至 2016-2019 年的 24.8%。多变量回归分析显示，性别、年龄、肥胖、地理位置和调查年份与高尿酸血症的患病风险独立相关。
结论
中国儿童和青少年高尿酸血症的患病率出乎意料地高。这些发现表明迫切需要实施有效的干预措施，以降低中国青少年患高尿酸血症的风险。
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