NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Aug;109:108929. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108929. Epub 2022 Jun 11.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a heterogeneous and invasive WHO grade IV brain tumor. Patients with GBM have a median overall survival (OS) of only 14 to 17 months when treated with surgical resection and chemoradiation. As one of the most promising anti-tumor immunotherapies, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have demonstrated good efficacy, safety, and tolerability in many clinical trials. However, to date, no Phase III clinical trial has achieved positive endpoints and truly implement clinical development and transformation. Moreover, the survival benefits of DC vaccines for patients with GBM seem to have a delayed effect; therefore, we urgently require strategies to optimize DC vaccines to advance the time point of its survival benefits. Here, we discuss the latest clinical trial progress of DC vaccines in GBM and summarize the benefits and drawbacks of various vaccine design options, as well as the challenges faced in clinical translation. Moreover, we target future combination therapy strategies for DC vaccines in GBM, which provides a new perspective for comprehensively understanding the effectiveness, limitations, and new directions of the development of DC vaccines.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是一种异质性和侵袭性的世界卫生组织（WHO）IV 级脑肿瘤。接受手术切除和放化疗治疗的 GBM 患者的中位总生存期（OS）仅为 14 至 17 个月。树突状细胞（DC）疫苗作为最有前途的抗肿瘤免疫疗法之一，在许多临床试验中已显示出良好的疗效、安全性和耐受性。然而，迄今为止，尚无 III 期临床试验达到阳性终点，真正实现临床开发和转化。此外，GBM 患者的 DC 疫苗的生存获益似乎具有延迟效应；因此，我们迫切需要优化 DC 疫苗的策略，以提前实现其生存获益的时间点。在这里，我们讨论了 DC 疫苗在 GBM 中的最新临床试验进展，并总结了各种疫苗设计方案的优缺点，以及在临床转化中面临的挑战。此外，我们针对 GBM 中 DC 疫苗的未来联合治疗策略进行了探讨，为全面了解 DC 疫苗的有效性、局限性和新的发展方向提供了新的视角。
