Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, 518067, China.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jun 14;41(1):203. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02408-z.
Breast cancer is the leading female cancer type and the cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Adipocytes possess important functions of energy supply, metabolic regulation, and cytokine release, and are also the matrix cell that supports mammary gland tissue. In breast cancer tumor microenvironment (TME), adipocytes are the prominent stromal cells and are implicated in inflammation, metastatic formation, metabolic remodeling, and cancer susceptibility.
It is well-established that adipocyte secretome is a reservoir engaged in the regulation of tumor cell behavior by secreting a large number of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and chemokines), adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, autotaxin, and resistin), lipid metabolites (free fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate), and other exosome-encapsulated substances. These released factors influence the evolution and clinical outcome of breast cancer through complex mechanisms. The progression of breast cancer tumors revolves around the tumor-adipose stromal network, which may contribute to breast cancer aggressiveness by increasing the pro-malignant potential of TME and tumor cells themselves. Most importantly, the secretome alterations of adipocytes are regarded as distinctly important targets for breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance.
Therefore, this review will provide a comprehensive description of the specific adipocyte secretome characteristics and interactions within TME cell populations, which will enable us to better tailor strategies for tumor stratification management and treatment.
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症类型，也是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。脂肪细胞具有供应能量、调节代谢和释放细胞因子等重要功能，也是支持乳腺组织的基质细胞。在乳腺癌肿瘤微环境（TME）中，脂肪细胞是突出的基质细胞，参与炎症、转移性形成、代谢重塑和癌症易感性。
大量研究证实，脂肪细胞分泌组是通过分泌大量细胞因子（IL-6、IL-8 和趋化因子）、脂肪因子（瘦素、脂联素、自分泌运动因子和抵抗素）、脂质代谢物（游离脂肪酸和β-羟丁酸）和其他包裹在囊泡中的物质来调节肿瘤细胞行为的储存库。这些释放的因子通过复杂的机制影响乳腺癌的演变和临床结局。乳腺癌肿瘤的进展围绕着肿瘤-脂肪基质网络，通过增加 TME 和肿瘤细胞本身的促恶性潜能，可能导致乳腺癌的侵袭性。最重要的是，脂肪细胞的分泌组改变被认为是乳腺癌诊断、治疗和耐药性的重要靶点。
因此，这篇综述将全面描述 TME 细胞群中脂肪细胞分泌组的特征和相互作用，这将使我们能够更好地制定肿瘤分层管理和治疗的策略。
