Julia Shin, EdD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE;
Molly McCarthy, PhD, MPH, is Assistant Professor, Division of Occupational Therapy Education, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha;
Am J Occup Ther. 2022 Jul 1;76(4). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2022.048108.
Identifying the extent and predictors of burnout among occupational therapy practitioners is important so strategies can be developed to reduce burnout and mitigate associated consequences within the profession.
To investigate the prevalence and determinants of burnout reported by U.S. occupational therapy practitioners.
Cross-sectional survey.
Occupational therapy practitioners working in a wide range of clinical settings who spent at least 50% of their time in direct patient care and who had been employed continuously for more than 6 mo.
The outcome of interest was burnout, which was measured using the Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Predictor variables included sociodemographic and workplace characteristics. The relationship between MBI-HSS subscale scores and predictor variables was jointly estimated using a multivariate multivariable linear regression analysis.
One hundred seventy-eight occupational therapy practitioners completed the survey. Higher perceived level of supervisor support, satisfaction with income, and educational attainment were associated with lower MBI-HSS subscale scores (ps = .001, .002, and .005, respectively).
Burnout among occupational therapy practitioners can be conceptualized as an issue of workplace health and safety. Various stakeholder groups can consider potential systematic interventions involving measures to promote positive supervisor support in the workplace and salary negotiation skills for early-stage clinicians. Future research should explore broad interventions to reduce burnout among clinicians. What This Article Adds: We estimated the extent and predictors of burnout among U.S. occupational therapy practitioners. Future research, advocacy, and policy should address structural-level interventions to promote workplace cultures and conditions that can protect the occupational therapy workforce from burnout.
确定职业治疗从业者的倦怠程度和预测因素很重要，这样才能制定策略来减少职业倦怠，并减轻该职业相关的后果。
调查美国职业治疗从业者报告的倦怠程度和决定因素。
横断面调查。
在各种临床环境中工作的职业治疗从业者，他们至少有 50%的时间用于直接的患者护理，并且已经连续工作超过 6 个月。
感兴趣的结果是倦怠，使用 Maslach 倦怠量表-人类服务调查（MBI-HSS）的情绪疲惫、去人格化和个人成就感子量表来衡量。预测变量包括社会人口统计学和工作场所特征。使用多元多变量线性回归分析联合估计 MBI-HSS 子量表得分与预测变量之间的关系。
178 名职业治疗从业者完成了调查。更高的主管支持感知度、对收入的满意度和教育程度与较低的 MBI-HSS 子量表得分相关（P 值分别为.001、.002 和.005）。
职业治疗从业者的倦怠可以被视为工作场所健康和安全的问题。各种利益相关者群体可以考虑潜在的系统性干预措施，包括促进工作场所积极主管支持和早期临床医生薪资谈判技巧的措施。未来的研究应该探索广泛的干预措施来减少临床医生的倦怠。这篇文章的重要性在于：我们估计了美国职业治疗从业者的倦怠程度和预测因素。未来的研究、倡导和政策应该解决结构层面的干预措施，以促进工作场所的文化和条件，使职业治疗人员免受倦怠的影响。
