Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Jun 8;2022:7411481. doi: 10.1155/2022/7411481. eCollection 2022.
Livestock is an integral part of agriculture countries where ticks play significant role as potent pests causing considerable losses to economy and health. Drug resistance has made these pests supersede conventional therapies and control programs Nanotechnology here comes as an advancing and significant candidate alternatively able to reverse drug resistance. Nanoparticles, hence, against ticks may better be considered as nanopesticides that act in ways other than conventional drug efficacies. The methods of nanoparticles production include green synthesis, chemical synthesis, and arthropod-based synthesis. Pros and cons of these nanopesticides are by no means neglectable. Studies are fewer than needed to comprehensively discuss nanopesticides. Current review thus systematically covers aspects of ticks as livestock pests, their drug resistance, advent of nanotechnology against pests, their production methodologies, mechanisms of actions of ticks, and current limitations. This review opens several avenues for further research on nanoparticles as nanopesticides against ticks.
家畜是农业国家不可或缺的一部分，在这些国家，蜱虫作为一种强有力的害虫，对经济和健康造成了相当大的损失。抗药性使这些害虫取代了传统的治疗方法和控制计划，纳米技术作为一种先进的、重要的替代方法，能够逆转抗药性。因此，针对蜱虫的纳米颗粒可以更好地被视为纳米农药，它们的作用方式不同于传统的药物疗效。纳米颗粒的生产方法包括绿色合成、化学合成和节肢动物合成。这些纳米农药的优缺点不容忽视。目前的研究还不足以全面讨论纳米农药。因此，本综述系统地涵盖了作为家畜害虫的蜱虫、它们的抗药性、针对害虫的纳米技术的出现、它们的生产方法、蜱虫的作用机制以及当前的局限性等方面。本综述为进一步研究纳米颗粒作为抗蜱虫的纳米农药开辟了几条途径。
