Amao Lateefat Kikelomo, Olatunji David Idowu, Igbodo Gordon, Okoli Solomon Chieloka, Amaechi Ifeanyichukwu, Goni Muhammad Isa, Ehiakhamen Odianosen, Aderinola Olaolu, Ogunleye Adesola, Ogunbode Oladipo, Adeleye Adesola, Arowolo Tajudeen, Suleman Kabiru, Hassan Abubakar, Yelwa Mohammed Usman, Inam Nsikak, Akinpelu Afolabi, Muhammad Fahad, Jinadu Kola, Onoh Ikenna, Akinrogbe Jessica, Ilori Elsie, Biobelu Abaye, Richard Ikwuogu, Nwadiuto Ifeoma, Demebons Oyaba, Nwakaego Ogbue, Owhodar Emmanuel, Oladejo John, Okpokoro Evaezi, Ihekweazu Chikwe
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja.
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja.
J Public Health Afr. 2022 May 25;13(1):2184. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2022.2184. eCollection 2022 May 24.
Monkeypox (MPX) is a viral zoonosis with lesions like smallpox. Though rare in Nigeria, sporadic outbreaks have been reported in 17 states since September 2017. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic has further reduced surveillance and reporting of MPX disease. This study seeks to assess the effect of an enhanced surveillance approach to detect MPX cases and measure the cumulative incidence of MPX in priority states in Nigeria. We identified three priority states (Rivers, Delta and Bayelsa) and their Local Government Areas (LGAs) based on previous disease incidence. We also identified, trained, and incentivized community volunteers to conduct active case searches over three months (January to March 2021). We supported case investigation of suspected cases and followed up on cases in addition to routine active surveillance for MPX in health facilities and communities. Weekly and monthly follow-up was carried out during the same period. Out of the three states, 30 hotspots LGAs out of the 56 LGAs (54%) were engaged for enhanced surveillance. We trained three state supervisors, 30 LGA surveillance facilitators and 600 Community informants across the three priority states. Overall, twenty-five (25) suspected cases of MPX were identified. Out of these, three (12%) were confirmed as positive. Enhanced surveillance improved reporting of MPX diseases in hotspots LGAs across the priority states. Extension of this surveillance approach alongside tailored technical support is critical intra and post-pandemic.
猴痘（MPX）是一种病毒性人畜共患病，其皮损类似于天花。尽管在尼日利亚较为罕见，但自2017年9月以来，已在17个州报告了散发病例。不幸的是，新冠疫情进一步减少了对猴痘疾病的监测和报告。本研究旨在评估强化监测方法对检测猴痘病例的效果，并衡量尼日利亚重点州猴痘的累积发病率。我们根据既往疾病发病率确定了三个重点州（河流州、三角州和巴耶尔萨州）及其地方政府辖区（LGAs）。我们还确定、培训并激励社区志愿者进行为期三个月（2021年1月至3月）的主动病例搜索。除了在医疗机构和社区对猴痘进行常规主动监测外，我们还支持对疑似病例进行病例调查并对病例进行随访。在同一时期进行了每周和每月的随访。在这三个州中，56个地方政府辖区中有30个热点地方政府辖区（54%）参与了强化监测。我们在三个重点州培训了三名州级监督员、30名地方政府辖区监测协调员和600名社区信息员。总体而言，共识别出25例猴痘疑似病例。其中，3例（12%）被确诊为阳性。强化监测改善了重点州热点地方政府辖区猴痘疾病的报告情况。在疫情期间及疫情后，推广这种监测方法并提供量身定制的技术支持至关重要。
