Huang Yanping, Ashaolu Tolulope Joshua, Olatunji Opeyemi Joshua
Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei 230601, China.
Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
ACS Omega. 2022 May 31;7(23):19764-19774. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01541. eCollection 2022 Jun 14.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a lifelong devastating and debilitating disease with serious chronic complications. Okara is a byproduct generated from soymilk or tofu production and it has been reported to have antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects. However, the antidiabetic effects and pancreatic β-cells' secretory functions of micronized okara fiber (MOF) have not been reported. Therefore, this study explored the antidiabetic effects and modulatory potentials of MOF on pancreatic β-cells' secretory functions in a high fat/high sugar/streptozotocin rat model of diabetes mellitus. Fiber-rich okara was prepared by removing fat and proteins from freshly obtained okara, followed by micronization. Fiber-rich okara was prepared, micronized, and characterized for hydrophobicity, thermal stability, structure-function relationship, and antioxidant potentials. We then established a rat model of DM and MOF and two doses (100 and 400 mg kg) were administered to see its anti-DM effect. Four weeks of MOF supplementation significantly reduced blood glucose, increased serum insulin level, improved hepatorenal functions, glucose tolerance, and regenerated pancreatic β-cells in the treated DM rats. Furthermore, MOF significantly improved the pancreatic antioxidant defense system by significantly elevating glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities while depleting the malonaldehyde level in the pancreas of the treated diabetic rats. Our results indicated that MOF ameliorated DM by impeding hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress and enhancing the secretory functions of the beta cells, suggesting that MOF might be used as a protective nutrient in DM.
糖尿病（DM）是一种具有严重慢性并发症的终身性破坏性和衰弱性疾病。豆渣是豆浆或豆腐生产过程中产生的副产品，据报道具有抗氧化和降血脂作用。然而，微细化豆渣纤维（MOF）的抗糖尿病作用及其对胰腺β细胞分泌功能的影响尚未见报道。因此，本研究在高脂/高糖/链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型中，探讨了MOF对胰腺β细胞分泌功能的抗糖尿病作用及其调节潜力。通过从新鲜获得的豆渣中去除脂肪和蛋白质，然后进行微细化处理，制备了富含纤维的豆渣。对富含纤维的豆渣进行了微细化处理，并对其疏水性、热稳定性、结构-功能关系和抗氧化潜力进行了表征。然后，我们建立了糖尿病大鼠模型，并给予MOF两种剂量（100和400mg/kg）以观察其抗糖尿病效果。在治疗的糖尿病大鼠中，补充MOF四周可显著降低血糖、提高血清胰岛素水平、改善肝肾功、葡萄糖耐量，并使胰腺β细胞再生。此外，MOF通过显著提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性，同时降低治疗糖尿病大鼠胰腺中的丙二醛水平，显著改善了胰腺抗氧化防御系统。我们的结果表明，MOF通过抑制高血糖、高血脂和氧化应激以及增强β细胞的分泌功能来改善糖尿病，这表明MOF可能用作糖尿病的一种保护性营养物质。
