Fu Yun-Hua, Tao Xing-Yu, Yang Di, Li Xue, Zhou Dong-Yue, Dai Yu-Lin, Jeon You-Jin
Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Jan 25;44(2):626-639. doi: 10.3390/cimb44020043.
Fine dust generated by particulate matter (PM) pollution is a serious ecological issue in industrialized countries and causes disorders of the respiratory system and skin in humans. In the previous study, was treated with citric acid to remove heavy metals. In this study, the transfer of PM-mediated inflammatory responses through the skin to macrophages was evaluated. Moreover, the anti-adhesive effects of calcium alginate isolated from (SFCA) against PM-induced inflammation were investigated. The structures of processing and unprocessing SFCA were then analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), revealing minimal change after acid-processing. SFCA had protective effects both in PM-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages. In cellular environments, it was found that SFCA attenuated signal protein expressions such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, prostaglandin E (PGE), and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, macrophages were added to the culture medium of PM-stimulated keratinocytes to induce inflammation. SFCA was observed to significantly inhibit inflammatory responses; additionally, SFCA showed an in vivo anti-adhesive effect in zebrafish embryos.
由颗粒物（PM）污染产生的细粉尘是工业化国家中一个严重的生态问题，会导致人类呼吸系统和皮肤紊乱。在先前的研究中，用柠檬酸处理以去除重金属。在本研究中，评估了PM介导的炎症反应通过皮肤向巨噬细胞的转移。此外，研究了从[具体来源未提及]分离的海藻酸钙（SFCA）对PM诱导的炎症的抗粘附作用。然后通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析了加工和未加工的SFCA的结构，结果显示酸处理后变化极小。SFCA在PM刺激的HaCaT角质形成细胞和RAW 264.7巨噬细胞中均具有保护作用。在细胞环境中，发现SFCA可减弱诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、环氧化酶（COX）-2、前列腺素E（PGE）和促炎细胞因子等信号蛋白的表达。此外，将巨噬细胞添加到PM刺激的角质形成细胞的培养基中以诱导炎症。观察到SFCA可显著抑制炎症反应；此外，SFCA在斑马鱼胚胎中显示出体内抗粘附作用。
