Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Northcoast Behavioral Healthcare (Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services), Northfield, OH, USA.
Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2022 Aug;152:160-166. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.023. Epub 2022 Jun 14.
Perceived younger age is associated with positive health outcomes in existing literature. Few studies have examined these associations using a wide range of variables in large sample of adults of all ages. The objective of present study was to characterize the discrepancy between chronological age (CA) and subjective age (SA) in a large sample of community-dwelling adults across the lifespan, investigate associations with mental, physical, and cognitive health, and examine how it is related to a broad array of psychosocial variables relevant to well-being. Cross-sectional data from 1,004 individuals aged 21-100+ years from the Successful AGing Evaluation (SAGE) study were used for this analysis. Data included self-report measures of physical health (SF-36 - Physical Component), mental health composite score (created using CES-D Happiness scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, SF-36 Mental Component, Brief Symptom Inventory Anxiety Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Perceived Stress Scale), Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status - modified (TICS-m), and validated measures of various positive psychological variables such as meaning in life and optimism. On average, SA was 11.5 years younger than CA (SD 11.3). The discrepancy increased with CA. A younger SA compared to CA was associated with better mental and physical health in all age groups and was positively associated with measures of presence of meaning in life, successful aging, optimism, personal mastery, resilience, curiosity, hope, and social support. The association between age discrepancy and cognitive functioning was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that SA is potentially valuable for the purposes of clinical assessment and intervention, and this possibility should be investigated in future research.
现有文献表明，感知年龄较年轻与健康结果呈正相关。很少有研究在年龄跨度较大的所有年龄段的大量成年人中使用广泛的变量来检验这些关联。本研究的目的是描述在整个生命周期中，大量社区居住的成年人中，实际年龄（CA）和主观年龄（SA）之间的差异，调查与心理健康、身体健康和认知健康的关联，并研究其与广泛的与幸福感相关的心理社会变量之间的关系。本分析使用了来自成功老龄化评估（SAGE）研究的 1004 名年龄在 21-100 岁以上的个体的横断面数据。数据包括身体健康的自我报告测量（SF-36 量表-生理成分）、心理健康综合评分（使用 CES-D 幸福感量表、生活满意度量表、SF-36 量表-心理成分、简明症状量表焦虑量表、患者健康问卷-9 和感知压力量表创建）、电话访谈认知状态-改良版（TICS-m）以及各种积极心理变量的验证性测量，如生活意义和乐观主义。平均而言，SA 比 CA 年轻 11.5 岁（标准差 11.3）。差异随着 CA 的增加而增加。与 CA 相比，SA 较年轻与所有年龄组的心理健康和身体健康更好相关，并且与生活意义、成功老龄化、乐观主义、个人掌握、适应力、好奇心、希望和社会支持的存在测量呈正相关。年龄差异与认知功能之间的关联没有统计学意义。这些发现表明，SA 对于临床评估和干预可能具有潜在价值，未来的研究应该对此进行调查。
