Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation India, New Delhi, India.
BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 21;12(6):e061934. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061934.
A large proportion of neonatal deaths in India are attributable to low birth weight (LBW). We report population-based distribution and determinants of birth weight in Bihar state, and on the perceptions about birth weight among carers.
A cross-sectional household survey in a state representative sample of 6007 live births born in 2018-2019. Mothers provided detailed interviews on sociodemographic characteristics and birth weight, and their perceptions on LBW (birth weight <2500 g). We report on birth weight availability, LBW prevalence, neonatal mortality rate (NMR) by birth weight and perceptions of mothers on LBW implications.
Bihar state, India.
Women with live birth between October 2018 and September 2019.
A total of 5021 (83.5%) live births participated, and 3939 (78.4%) were weighed at birth. LBW prevalence among those with available birth weight was 18.4% (95% CI 17.1 to 19.7). Majority (87.5%) of the live births born at home were not weighed at birth. LBW prevalence decreased and birth weight ≥2500 g increased significantly with increasing wealth index quartile. NMR was significantly higher in live births weighing <1500 g (11.3%; 95% CI 5.1 to 23.1) and 1500-1999 g (8.0%; 95% CI 4.6 to 13.6) than those weighing ≥2500 g (1.3%, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.7). Assuming proportional correspondence of LBW and NMR in live births with and without birth weight, the estimated LBW among those without birth weight was 35.5% (95% CI 33.0 to 38.0) and among all live births irrespective of birth weight availability was 23.0% (95% CI 21.9 to 24.2). 70% of mothers considered LBW to be a sign of sickness, 59.5% perceived it as a risk of developing other illnesses and 8.6% as having an increased probability of death.
Missing birth weight is substantially compromising the planning of interventions to address LBW at the population-level. Variations of LBW by place of delivery and sociodemographic indicators, and the perceptions of carers about LBW can facilitate appropriate actions to address LBW and the associated neonatal mortality.
印度很大一部分新生儿死亡归因于低出生体重（LBW）。我们报告了比哈尔邦人口为基础的出生体重分布和决定因素，并介绍了照顾者对出生体重的看法。
对 2018 年至 2019 年期间出生的 6007 名活产婴儿进行了具有代表性的家庭横断面调查。母亲提供了关于社会人口特征和出生体重的详细访谈，以及她们对 LBW（出生体重<2500 克）的看法。我们报告了出生体重的可用性、LBW 的流行率、按出生体重计算的新生儿死亡率（NMR）以及母亲对 LBW 影响的看法。
印度比哈尔邦。
2018 年 10 月至 2019 年 9 月期间分娩的妇女。
共有 5021 名（83.5%）活产婴儿参与了研究，其中 3939 名（78.4%）在出生时进行了称重。在有出生体重记录的婴儿中，LBW 的流行率为 18.4%（95%CI 17.1%至 19.7%）。大多数（87.5%）在家中分娩的婴儿在出生时没有称重。随着财富指数四分位值的增加，LBW 患病率下降，出生体重≥2500 克的比例显著增加。出生体重<1500 克（11.3%；95%CI 5.1%至 23.1%）和 1500-1999 克（8.0%；95%CI 4.6%至 13.6%）的 NMR 明显高于出生体重≥2500 克的婴儿（1.3%；95%CI 0.9%至 1.7%）。假设出生体重和无出生体重的活产婴儿之间的 LBW 具有比例对应关系，那么无出生体重的婴儿中估计的 LBW 为 35.5%（95%CI 33.0%至 38.0%），而所有活产婴儿（无论出生体重是否可用）的 LBW 为 23.0%（95%CI 21.9%至 24.2%）。70%的母亲认为 LBW 是疾病的迹象，59.5%的母亲认为 LBW 是发展其他疾病的风险，8.6%的母亲认为 LBW 是死亡概率增加的迹象。
缺乏出生体重大大影响了针对人群中 LBW 问题的干预措施的规划。按分娩地点和社会人口指标划分的 LBW 差异，以及照顾者对 LBW 的看法，可以促进采取适当行动解决 LBW 和相关的新生儿死亡率问题。
