Ulagesan Selvakumari, Krishnan Sathish, Nam Taek-Jeong, Choi Youn-Hee
Division of Fisheries Life Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
School of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao, India.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Jun 6;10:913839. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.913839. eCollection 2022.
Oysters are saltwater bivalves with high nutritional and medicinal value that are consumed widely around the world. As well as being highly nutritious, oysters are a low-calorie, low-cholesterol source of protein and an exceptional source of zinc, which strengthens the immune system; and a rich source of bioactive compounds, which comprise various biological activities. The present review summarizes the biological applications and bioactive compounds from oyster shells, whole tissue, gill tissue, and mantle tissue. The various biological compounds present in an oyster shell, and their chemical constituents, have applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and medical industries. Bioactive peptides and proteins obtained from the whole, mantle, and gill tissues of oysters exhibit antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anticancer, antifatigue, anticoagulant, and anti-wrinkle effects, as well as enhance osteoblast differentiation. This review clearly shows that oysters have great potential for functional food production and that various compounds therein can have pharmaceutical applications.
牡蛎是一种具有高营养价值和药用价值的咸水双壳贝类，在世界各地被广泛食用。牡蛎不仅营养丰富，还是低热量、低胆固醇的蛋白质来源，也是锌的优质来源，锌能增强免疫系统；此外，牡蛎还是生物活性化合物的丰富来源，这些化合物具有多种生物活性。本综述总结了来自牡蛎壳、整个组织、鳃组织和外套膜组织的生物学应用和生物活性化合物。牡蛎壳中存在的各种生物化合物及其化学成分在食品、制药和医疗行业都有应用。从牡蛎的整个组织、外套膜和鳃组织中获得的生物活性肽和蛋白质具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗高血压、抗癌、抗疲劳、抗凝血和抗皱作用，还能促进成骨细胞分化。这篇综述清楚地表明，牡蛎在功能性食品生产方面具有巨大潜力，其中的各种化合物可用于制药。
