Kitsuka Takahiro, Hama Rikako, Ulziibayar Anudari, Matsuzaki Yuichi, Kelly John, Shinoka Toshiharu
Center for Regenerative Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-Cho, Koganei 184-8588, Japan.
Biomedicines. 2022 Jun 17;10(6):1439. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10061439.
Cardiovascular-related medical conditions remain a significant cause of death worldwide despite the advent of tissue engineering research more than half a century ago. Although autologous tissue is still the preferred treatment, donor tissue is limited, and there remains a need for tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs). The production of extensive vascular tissue (>1 cm3) in vitro meets the clinical needs of tissue grafts and biological research applications. The use of TEVGs in human patients remains limited due to issues related to thrombogenesis and stenosis. In addition to the advancement of simple manufacturing methods, the shift of attention to the combination of synthetic polymers and bio-derived materials and cell sources has enabled synergistic combinations of vascular tissue development. This review details the selection of biomaterials, cell sources and relevant clinical trials related to large diameter vascular grafts. Finally, we will discuss the remaining challenges in the tissue engineering field resulting from complex requirements by covering both basic and clinical research from the perspective of material design.
尽管半个多世纪前就出现了组织工程研究，但心血管相关疾病仍是全球主要死因。虽然自体组织仍是首选治疗方法，但供体组织有限，因此仍需要组织工程血管移植物（TEVG）。体外大量血管组织（>1 cm³）的生产满足了组织移植和生物研究应用的临床需求。由于血栓形成和狭窄相关问题，TEVG在人类患者中的应用仍然有限。除了简单制造方法的进步外，对合成聚合物与生物衍生材料及细胞来源组合的关注转移，使得血管组织发育能够实现协同组合。本综述详细介绍了与大口径血管移植物相关的生物材料选择、细胞来源及相关临床试验。最后，我们将从材料设计的角度，通过涵盖基础研究和临床研究，讨论复杂要求给组织工程领域带来的剩余挑战。
