Leal Bruna B J, Wakabayashi Naohiro, Oyama Kyohei, Kamiya Hiroyuki, Braghirolli Daikelly I, Pranke Patricia
Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Post-graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Jan 11;7:592361. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.592361. eCollection 2020.
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in the world. In severe cases, replacement or revascularization using vascular grafts are the treatment options. While several synthetic vascular grafts are clinically used with common approval for medium to large-caliber vessels, autologous vascular grafts are the only options clinically approved for small-caliber revascularizations. Autologous grafts have, however, some limitations in quantity and quality, and cause an invasiveness to patients when harvested. Therefore, the development of small-caliber synthetic vascular grafts (<5 mm) has been urged. Since small-caliber synthetic grafts made from the same materials as middle and large-caliber grafts have poor patency rates due to thrombus formation and intimal hyperplasia within the graft, newly innovative methodologies with vascular tissue engineering such as electrospinning, decellularization, lyophilization, and 3D printing, and novel polymers have been developed. This review article represents topics on the methodologies used in the development of scaffold-based vascular grafts and the polymers used and .
心血管疾病是全球最常见的死亡原因。在严重情况下，使用血管移植物进行置换或血管重建是治疗选择。虽然几种合成血管移植物在临床上用于中到大口径血管已获得普遍认可，但自体血管移植物是临床上唯一被批准用于小口径血管重建的选择。然而，自体移植物在数量和质量上存在一些局限性，并且在采集时会对患者造成侵袭性。因此，人们迫切需要开发小口径合成血管移植物（<5毫米）。由于由与中、大口径移植物相同材料制成的小口径合成移植物因移植物内血栓形成和内膜增生而通畅率较差，因此已经开发了诸如电纺丝、去细胞化、冻干和3D打印等具有血管组织工程的新创新方法以及新型聚合物。这篇综述文章介绍了基于支架的血管移植物开发中使用的方法以及所使用的聚合物等主题。
