Zhang Qingqing, Li Xiaoming, Liu Xinying, Liu Shanshan, Zhang Mengzhu, Liu Yueling, Zhu Chunyan, Wang Kai
The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230032, China.
Brain Sci. 2022 Jun 15;12(6):786. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12060786.
(1) Background: Emotion regulation (ER) is regarded as a core treatment target for depression and other mental illnesses. In recent years, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been extensively used as an intervention for mental illnesses, but there has been no systematic review conducted regarding its effect on emotion regulation. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of NIBS for emotion regulation; (2) Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. We analyzed the effects of NIBS on tasks assessing emotion regulation using a random-effects model, and further explored the moderating role of the following factors on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies by conducting subgroup analyses and meta-regression: target electrode placement, return electrode placement, current intensity, target electrode size, and duration of intervention; (3) Results: A total of 17 studies were included. Our meta-analysis indicated a small but significant effect of NIBS on the downregulation of negative emotions. Separate analyses indicated that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) had a medium and significant effect on the downregulation of negative emotions, whereas tDCS had no significant effect. Subgroup analyses showed that the effect of tDCS was moderated by target and return electrode placemen; (4) Conclusions: These results indicate that NIBS had a positive effect on the downregulation of negative emotions. The stimulation protocols should be carefully considered and the underlying mechanisms should be further explored.
(1) 背景：情绪调节被视为抑郁症及其他精神疾病的核心治疗靶点。近年来，非侵入性脑刺激（NIBS）已被广泛用作精神疾病的干预手段，但尚未有关于其对情绪调节影响的系统综述。因此，我们对NIBS调节情绪的有效性进行了荟萃分析；(2) 方法：在Embase、Web of Science、PubMed和Cochrane图书馆进行系统检索。我们使用随机效应模型分析了NIBS对评估情绪调节任务的影响，并通过进行亚组分析和元回归进一步探讨了以下因素对经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）研究的调节作用：目标电极放置、返回电极放置、电流强度、目标电极大小和干预持续时间；(3) 结果：共纳入17项研究。我们的荟萃分析表明，NIBS对消极情绪的下调有微小但显著的影响。单独分析表明，重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）对消极情绪的下调有中等且显著的影响，而tDCS没有显著影响。亚组分析表明，tDCS的效果受目标电极和返回电极放置的调节；(4) 结论：这些结果表明，NIBS对消极情绪的下调有积极作用。应仔细考虑刺激方案，并进一步探索其潜在机制。
