National Drug Research Institute and enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 8;19(12):7026. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127026.
Introduction and aims: Associations between bar trading hours, a government lever for controlling alcohol availability, nightlife-goer intoxication levels and their likelihood of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have not been explored. We investigated whether: (i) participant AUD was associated with blood alcohol concentration (BAC); and, (ii) any association between AUD and BAC was moderated by participant preferred bar (i.e., venue spent most time at) closing time. Design and methods: A cross-sectional observational study using a sample of nightlife-goers who went out drinking in Perth, Western Australia, on weekends in 2015-16. Participants who reported alcohol use that night and spent most time in a bar (n = 667) completed street intercept surveys including AUDIT-C (n = 459) and provided a breath sample to estimate BAC (n = 651). We used gender-specific multinomial logistic regression models to explore associations between participant AUDIT-C score (1−4, lower risk; 5−7, hazardous; 8−12, active AUD), preferred bar type (standard vs. late closing time based on absence or presence of an extended trading permit) and BAC (male: 0−0.049, 0.05−0.099, ≥0.1 g/100 mL; female: 0−0.049, 0.05−0.079, ≥0.08 g/100 mL). Results: Males with active AUD (RR = 3.31; 95% CI 1.30−8.42; p = 0.01) and females with hazardous/active AUD (RR = 9.75; 95% CI 2.78−34.21; p < 0.001) were both more likely to have high-range BAC than their counterparts typically drinking at lower risk. We also found preferred bar type moderated the association between AUDIT-C score and BAC for some males but no females. Males with active AUD and high-range BAC were less likely to prefer late closing bars than males usually drinking at lower risk and high-range BAC (RR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.02−0.96; p = 0.046). Discussion and conclusions: Our study provides evidence of positive associations between AUD and acute intoxication among nightlife-goers and on the moderating effect of bar closing times among males.
酒吧营业时间是政府控制酒精供应的手段之一，但其与酒吧消费者醉酒程度及其患酒精使用障碍（AUD）的可能性之间的关联尚未得到探究。我们调查了以下两种情况：（i）参与者 AUD 是否与血液酒精浓度（BAC）有关；（ii）参与者 AUD 与 BAC 之间的任何关联是否因参与者偏爱的酒吧（即逗留时间最长的酒吧）关门时间而有所不同。设计和方法：这是一项使用 2015-16 年期间在西澳大利亚州珀斯周末外出饮酒的夜生活参与者样本进行的横断面观察性研究。报告当晚饮酒且在酒吧逗留时间最长的参与者（n = 667）完成了街头拦截调查，包括 AUDIT-C（n = 459）并提供了呼气样本以估算 BAC（n = 651）。我们使用性别特异性多项逻辑回归模型来探讨参与者 AUDIT-C 评分（1-4 分，低风险；5-7 分，高危；8-12 分，活跃 AUD）、偏好的酒吧类型（标准酒吧与基于有无延长交易许可证的晚关门时间酒吧）与 BAC（男性：0-0.049，0.05-0.099，≥0.1 g/100 mL；女性：0-0.049，0.05-0.079，≥0.08 g/100 mL）之间的关联。结果：活跃 AUD 的男性（RR = 3.31；95%CI 1.30-8.42；p = 0.01）和高危/活跃 AUD 的女性（RR = 9.75；95%CI 2.78-34.21；p < 0.001）与对应低风险饮酒的人群相比，更有可能出现高 BAC 范围。我们还发现，对于某些男性而言，偏好的酒吧类型会调节 AUDIT-C 评分与 BAC 之间的关联，但对于女性则没有。与低风险和高 BAC 范围的通常饮酒男性相比，患有活跃 AUD 且 BAC 范围较高的男性更不可能选择晚关门的酒吧（RR = 0.12；95%CI 0.02-0.96；p = 0.046）。讨论和结论：我们的研究提供了证据表明，夜生活参与者 AUD 与急性醉酒之间存在正相关关系，并且酒吧关门时间对男性的影响存在调节作用。
