Choi Jasmin, Lieff Sarah A, Meltzer Gabriella Y, Grivel Margaux M, Chang Virginia W, Yang Lawrence H, Des Jarlais Don C
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jun 10;10(6):933. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060933.
Even though vaccination is the most effective measure against COVID-19 infections, vaccine rollout efforts have been hampered by growing anti-vaccine attitudes. Based on current knowledge, we identified three domains (beliefs, discrimination, and news) as our correlates of primary interest to examine the association with anti-vaccine attitudes. This is one of the first studies to examine key correlates of anti-vaccine attitudes during the critical early stages of vaccine implementation in the United States. An online survey was administered in May 2021 to a non-representative, nationally based sample of adults (N = 789). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, we found that individuals who expressed worry about COVID-19 (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.21, 0.55) and had greater knowledge of COVID-19 (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.25, 0.99) were less likely to hold anti-vaccine attitudes. Conversely, individuals who held stigmatizing views of COVID-19 (OR = 2.47, 95% CI 1.53, 3.99), had experienced racial discrimination (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.25, 3.67) and discrimination related to COVID-19 (OR = 2.84, 95% CI 1.54, 5.24), and who had been watching Fox News (OR = 3.95, 95% CI 2.61, 5.97) were more likely to hold anti-vaccine attitudes. These findings suggest COVID-19 beliefs, experiences of discrimination, and news sources should be considered when designing targeted approaches to address the anti-vaccine movement.
尽管接种疫苗是预防新冠病毒感染最有效的措施，但疫苗接种工作却因反疫苗态度的不断增加而受到阻碍。基于目前的认知，我们确定了三个主要相关领域（信念、歧视和新闻），以研究其与反疫苗态度之间的关联。这是首批在美国疫苗实施关键早期阶段研究反疫苗态度关键相关因素的研究之一。2021年5月，我们对一个非代表性的全国性成年样本（N = 789）进行了在线调查。通过多变量逻辑回归分析，我们发现，对新冠病毒表示担忧的个体（OR = 0.34，95%置信区间0.21，0.55）以及对新冠病毒了解较多的个体（OR = 0.50，95%置信区间0.25，0.99）持有反疫苗态度的可能性较小。相反，对新冠病毒持有污名化观点的个体（OR = 2.47，95%置信区间1.53，3.99）、经历过种族歧视的个体（OR = 2.14，95%置信区间1.25，3.67）以及经历过与新冠病毒相关歧视的个体（OR = 2.84，95%置信区间1.54，5.24），还有收看福克斯新闻的个体（OR = 3.95，95%置信区间2.61，5.97）持有反疫苗态度的可能性更大。这些发现表明，在设计针对性方法来应对反疫苗运动时，应考虑新冠病毒信念、歧视经历和新闻来源。
