Department of Communication, Texas A&M University, 456 Ross St., College Station, TX, USA.
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University. 212 Adriance Lab Rd. 1266 TAMU, College Station, TX, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2022 Apr;298:114874. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114874. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
President Biden's goal for 70% of U.S. adults to have received at least one vaccine by July 4, 2021 was not achieved.
The aim of this research was to assess the 'black box' of positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs to determine the relative importance of each factor and thus inform well-targeted and tailored health promotion efforts.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of U.S. adults (N = 1656), assessing the influence of demographic characteristics, cognitive effects, public confidence, and news source variety and evaluation on positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs.
Overall, the strongest predictor of positive beliefs was high confidence in public health officials and political institutions to handle the COVID-19 pandemic effectively, yet negative sentiments toward COVID-19 research and science and COVID-19 vaccine ambivalence reduced the likelihood that beliefs were positive. Cognitive effects and public confidence were identified as key predictors of positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs over and above party identification. Importantly, high levels of confidence in science and government were mostly driven by positive evaluations of liberal news sources. High levels of COVID-19 science backlash were mostly driven by positive evaluations of conservative news sources.
To motivate COVID-19 vaccination among hesitant or resistant groups in the population, health promotion efforts should seek to reinforce positive COVID-19 vaccination beliefs by increasing public confidence and by reducing COVID-19 science backlash, largely by choosing specific news media and social media platforms (e.g., Breitbart, Fox News, and Facebook) as channels for health promotion and health information dissemination.
拜登总统的目标是到 2021 年 7 月 4 日让 70%的美国成年人至少接种一剂疫苗，但这一目标并未实现。
本研究旨在评估与 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关的“黑箱”信念，以确定每个因素的相对重要性，从而为有针对性和定制化的健康促进工作提供信息。
对美国成年人（N=1656）进行横断面调查，评估人口统计学特征、认知效应、公众信心以及新闻来源多样性和评价对 COVID-19 疫苗接种正面信念的影响。
总体而言，对公共卫生官员和政治机构有效应对 COVID-19 大流行的高度信心是正面信念的最强预测因素，但对 COVID-19 研究和科学的负面情绪以及对 COVID-19 疫苗的矛盾态度降低了信念为正面的可能性。认知效应和公众信心被确定为 COVID-19 疫苗接种正面信念的关键预测因素，超过了党派认同。重要的是，对科学和政府的高度信心主要是由对自由派新闻来源的积极评价驱动的。对 COVID-19 科学的强烈反对主要是由对保守派新闻来源的积极评价驱动的。
为了在人群中激励犹豫不决或持抵制态度的群体接种 COVID-19 疫苗，健康促进工作应通过增强公众信心和减少 COVID-19 科学反弹来增强对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的正面信念，这主要可以通过选择特定的新闻媒体和社交媒体平台（如 Breitbart、Fox News 和 Facebook）作为健康促进和健康信息传播的渠道来实现。
