Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Life Sci. 2022 Sep 1;304:120728. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120728. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
Alpha-bisabolol (α-bisabolol), an unsaturated monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, is known as one of the "most-used herbal constituents" in the world. Various therapeutic and biological properties of α-bisabolol in preventing oxidative stress, inflammatory disorders, infections, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and metabolic disorders have been reported. In this review, we evaluated new findings regarding the molecular mechanisms of α-bisabolol published from 2010 until 2021 in PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. The antioxidant mechanism of α-bisabolol is mainly associated with the reduction of ROS/RNS, MDA, and GSH depletion, MPO activity, and augmentation of SOD and CAT. Additionally, upregulating the expression of bcl-2 and suppression of bax, P53, APAF-1, caspase-3, and caspase-9 activity indicates the anti-apoptotic effects of α- bisabolol. It possesses anti-inflammatory effects via reduction of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and suppresses the activation of ERK1/2, JNK, NF-κB, and p38. The antimicrobial effect is mediated by inhibiting the viability of infected cells and improves cognitive function via downregulation of bax, cleaved caspases-3 and 9 levels, β-secretase, cholinesterase activities, and upregulation of bcl-2 levels. Finally, due to multiple biological activities, α-bisabolol is worthy to be subjected to clinical trials to achieve new insights into its beneficial effects on human health.
α- 姜烯醇（α- 姜烯醇），一种不饱和单环倍半萜醇，被称为世界上“使用最广泛的草药成分”之一。α- 姜烯醇在预防氧化应激、炎症性疾病、感染、神经退行性疾病、癌症和代谢紊乱方面具有多种治疗和生物学特性。在这篇综述中，我们评估了 2010 年至 2021 年在 PubMed、Science Direct 和 Scopus 上发表的关于 α- 姜烯醇分子机制的新发现。α- 姜烯醇的抗氧化机制主要与减少 ROS/RNS、MDA 和 GSH 耗竭、MPO 活性以及增加 SOD 和 CAT 有关。此外，上调 bcl-2 的表达和抑制 bax、P53、APAF-1、caspase-3 和 caspase-9 的活性表明 α- 姜烯醇具有抗凋亡作用。它具有抗炎作用，可降低 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、iNOS 和 COX-2 的表达，并抑制 ERK1/2、JNK、NF-κB 和 p38 的激活。抗菌作用是通过抑制感染细胞的活力和通过下调 bax、裂解 caspase-3 和 9 水平、β- 分泌酶、胆碱酯酶活性和上调 bcl-2 水平来改善认知功能来介导的。最后，由于具有多种生物学活性，α- 姜烯醇值得进行临床试验，以深入了解其对人类健康的有益作用。
