Gwangju Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Sep;359:127501. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127501. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Given that traditional biorefineries have been based on microbial fermentation to produce useful fuels, materials, and chemicals as metabolites, saccharification is an important step to obtain fermentable sugars from biomass. It is well-known that glycosidic hydrolases (GHs) are responsible for the saccharification of recalcitrant polysaccharides through hydrolysis, but the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO), which is a kind of oxidative enzyme involved in cleaving polysaccharides and boosting GH performance, has profoundly changed the understanding of enzyme-based saccharification. This review briefly introduces the classification, structural information, and catalytic mechanism of LPMOs. In addition to recombinant expression strategies, synergistic effects with GH are comprehensively discussed. Challenges and perspectives for LPMO-based saccharification on a large scale are also briefly mentioned. Ultimately, this review can provide insights for constructing an economically viable lignocellulose-based biorefinery system and a closed-carbon loop to cope with climate change.
鉴于传统的生物炼制厂一直基于微生物发酵来生产有用的燃料、材料和化学物质作为代谢物，糖化是从生物质中获得可发酵糖的重要步骤。众所周知，糖苷水解酶（GHs）通过水解负责将顽固的多糖糖化，但裂解多糖单加氧酶（LPMO）的发现，改变了人们对基于酶的糖化的理解，它是一种参与切割多糖并提高 GH 性能的氧化酶。本文简要介绍了 LPMO 的分类、结构信息和催化机制。除了重组表达策略外，还全面讨论了与 GH 的协同作用。还简要提到了基于 LPMO 的大规模糖化面临的挑战和展望。最终，本文的综述可为构建经济可行的木质纤维素生物炼制系统和应对气候变化的封闭碳循环提供见解。
