Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China.
Molecules. 2024 May 11;29(10):2275. doi: 10.3390/molecules29102275.
The hydrolysis and biotransformation of lignocellulose, i.e., biorefinery, can provide human beings with biofuels, bio-based chemicals, and materials, and is an important technology to solve the fossil energy crisis and promote global sustainable development. Biorefinery involves steps such as pretreatment, saccharification, and fermentation, and researchers have developed a variety of biorefinery strategies to optimize the process and reduce process costs in recent years. Lignocellulosic hydrolysates are platforms that connect the saccharification process and downstream fermentation. The hydrolysate composition is closely related to biomass raw materials, the pretreatment process, and the choice of biorefining strategies, and provides not only nutrients but also possible inhibitors for downstream fermentation. In this review, we summarized the effects of each stage of lignocellulosic biorefinery on nutrients and possible inhibitors, analyzed the huge differences in nutrient retention and inhibitor generation among various biorefinery strategies, and emphasized that all steps in lignocellulose biorefinery need to be considered comprehensively to achieve maximum nutrient retention and optimal control of inhibitors at low cost, to provide a reference for the development of biomass energy and chemicals.
木质纤维素的水解和生物转化，即生物炼制，可以为人类提供生物燃料、生物基化学品和材料，是解决化石能源危机和促进全球可持续发展的重要技术。生物炼制涉及预处理、糖化和发酵等步骤，近年来，研究人员已经开发出多种生物炼制策略来优化工艺并降低工艺成本。木质纤维素水解物是连接糖化过程和下游发酵的平台。水解物的组成与生物质原料、预处理过程和生物炼制策略的选择密切相关，不仅为下游发酵提供了营养物质，还可能提供了抑制剂。在本综述中，我们总结了木质纤维素生物炼制各阶段对营养物质和可能抑制剂的影响，分析了各种生物炼制策略在营养物质保留和抑制剂生成方面的巨大差异，并强调木质纤维素生物炼制的所有步骤都需要综合考虑，以实现最大的营养物质保留和最佳的抑制剂控制，从而以低成本为生物质能源和化学品的发展提供参考。
