College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300450, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300450, PR China.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Oct;362:127803. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127803. Epub 2022 Aug 19.
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) can catalyze polysaccharides by oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds and have catalytic activity for cellulose, hemicellulose, chitin, starch and pectin, thus playing an important role in the biomass conversion of lignocellulose. The catalytic substrates of LPMOs are different and the specific catalytic mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Although there have been many studies related to LPMOs, few have actually been put into industrial biomass conversion, which poses a challenge for their expression, regulation and application. In this review, the origin, substrate specificity, structural features, and the relationship between structure and function of LPMOs are described. Additionally, the catalytic mechanism and electron donor of LPMOs and their heterologous expression and regulation are discussed. Finally, the synergistic degradation of biomass by LPMOs with other polysaccharide hydrolases is reviewed, and their current problems and future research directions are pointed out.
溶细胞多糖单加氧酶（LPMOs）可以通过糖苷键的氧化裂解催化多糖，并对纤维素、半纤维素、壳聚糖、淀粉和果胶具有催化活性，因此在木质纤维素的生物质转化中发挥着重要作用。LPMOs 的催化底物不同，其特定的催化机制尚未完全阐明。尽管已经有许多与 LPMOs 相关的研究，但实际上很少将其应用于工业生物质转化，这对其表达、调控和应用提出了挑战。在本文综述中，描述了 LPMOs 的起源、底物特异性、结构特征以及结构与功能的关系。此外，还讨论了 LPMOs 的催化机制和电子供体及其异源表达和调控。最后，综述了 LPMOs 与其他多糖水解酶协同降解生物质的情况，并指出了其当前存在的问题和未来的研究方向。
