Davoudi Pourya, Do Duy Ngoc, Colombo Stefanie M, Rathgeber Bruce, Miar Younes
Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.
Front Genet. 2022 Jun 9;13:903733. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.903733. eCollection 2022.
Despite the significant improvement of feed efficiency (FE) in pigs over the past decades, feed costs remain a major challenge for producers profitability. Improving FE is a top priority for the global swine industry. A deeper understanding of the biology underlying FE is crucial for making progress in genetic improvement of FE traits. This review comprehensively discusses the topics related to the FE in pigs including: measurements, genetics, genomics, biological pathways and the advanced technologies and methods involved in FE improvement. We first provide an update of heritability for different FE indicators and then characterize the correlations of FE traits with other economically important traits. Moreover, we present the quantitative trait loci (QTL) and possible candidate genes associated with FE in pigs and outline the most important biological pathways related to the FE traits in pigs. Finally, we present possible ways to improve FE in swine including the implementation of genomic selection, new technologies for measuring the FE traits, and the potential use of genome editing and omics technologies.
尽管在过去几十年里猪的饲料效率（FE）有了显著提高，但饲料成本仍然是影响生产者盈利能力的主要挑战。提高饲料效率是全球养猪业的首要任务。深入了解饲料效率背后的生物学原理对于在饲料效率性状的遗传改良方面取得进展至关重要。本综述全面讨论了与猪饲料效率相关的主题，包括：测量、遗传学、基因组学、生物学途径以及饲料效率提高所涉及的先进技术和方法。我们首先提供不同饲料效率指标的遗传力更新情况，然后描述饲料效率性状与其他经济重要性状的相关性。此外，我们介绍了与猪饲料效率相关的数量性状位点（QTL）和可能的候选基因，并概述了与猪饲料效率性状相关的最重要生物学途径。最后，我们提出了提高猪饲料效率的可能方法，包括实施基因组选择、测量饲料效率性状的新技术，以及基因组编辑和组学技术的潜在应用。
