State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China.
BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, Guangzhou 510663, China.
Food Funct. 2022 Jul 18;13(14):7707-7719. doi: 10.1039/d2fo00569g.
Rice bran is an important by-product of the milling industry. Arabinoxylan extracted from rice bran (RAX) is available in large quantities and is structurally different from other arabinoxylans from cereals. The anti-obesity effects of RAX and the role of microbiota have not been studied. In this work, we investigated the beneficial effects of RAX in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). We found that supplementation of RAX significantly ameliorated HFD-induced obesity. RAX decreased HFD induced lipid accumulation and regulated genes related to hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Regulated lipid metabolism is associated with reduced systemic inflammation as indicated by TNF-α and IL-6. RAX normalized the gut microbiota and its major metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). RAX restored the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota and increased the relative abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria including and . RAX decreased pro-inflammatory bacteria including , , , and . Our results suggest that systemic inflammation bridges to the gut microbiota through LPS and SCFAs. RAX modulates the gut microbiota and SCFA production in the large intestine, thereby reducing systemic inflammation and ameliorating obesity. In brief, RAX prevented obesity through a mechanism related to the modulation of the microbiota and its metabolites.
米糠是碾磨工业的重要副产品。从米糠中提取的阿拉伯木聚糖（RAX）的产量很大，其结构与来自谷物的其他阿拉伯木聚糖不同。RAX 的抗肥胖作用及其与微生物组的关系尚未得到研究。在这项工作中，我们研究了 RAX 对高脂饮食（HFD）喂养的 C57BL/6J 小鼠的有益作用。我们发现 RAX 的补充显著改善了 HFD 诱导的肥胖。RAX 减少了 HFD 诱导的脂质积累，并调节了与肝脂肪酸代谢相关的基因。受调节的脂质代谢与 TNF-α和 IL-6 所示的全身炎症减少有关。RAX 使肠道微生物群及其主要代谢物短链脂肪酸（SCFA）正常化。RAX 恢复了肠道微生物群的 alpha 多样性，并增加了包括 和 在内的抗炎细菌的相对丰度。RAX 减少了包括 、 、 、 和 在内的促炎细菌。我们的结果表明，全身性炎症通过 LPS 和 SCFAs 与肠道微生物群联系起来。RAX 通过调节大肠中的肠道微生物群及其 SCFA 产生来调节肠道微生物群和 SCFA 产生，从而减轻全身性炎症并改善肥胖。简而言之，RAX 通过与微生物群及其代谢物调节相关的机制预防肥胖。
