Zhang Xindang, Wang Hengzhi, Lin Beibei, Meng Xiaolin, Deng Junming
College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Nov 27;11:1459001. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1459001. eCollection 2024.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary AX inclusion on the chemical barrier, antioxidant function and intestinal microbiome of rainbow trout.
Five isoproteic and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.03% arabinoxylanase, as well as 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% AX (CAX, Con, AX2.5, AX5 and AX10), respectively.
The trypsin and maltase activities in the foregut of AX10 group were significantly lower than those in Con group. Similarly, the amylase and sucrase activities of the middle intestinal mucosa, maltase of the distal intestinal mucosa, and mRNA levels of the middle and distal intestinal mucosa in AX10 group were also lower than those in Con group. Additionally, the levels of GSH, GST, MDA in the plasma, SOD and CAT in the middle and distal intestinal mucosa, as well as MDA in the middle intestinal mucosa, were significantly higher in AX10 group compared to the CAX and Con groups. Conversely, the levels of CAT, GSH-Px, IGF-1, mTOR, AST in the plasma and AMPD, GDH in the liver were significantly lower in AX10 group compared to the CAX and Con groups. Furthermore, the Chao 1, Shannon index, and the abundance of Cyanobacteria, , decreased with the decreasing dietary AX content. In contrast, the abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and were increased in AX10 group compared to Con group.
These results suggest that high AX (10%) diets may reduce the chemical barrier, antioxidant function, and protein metabolism in rainbow trout, while also reducing intestinal microbiome α-diversity and retarding the colonization of beneficial bacteria.
本研究旨在评估日粮中添加阿拉伯木聚糖（AX）对虹鳟鱼化学屏障、抗氧化功能和肠道微生物群的影响。
配制五种等蛋白、等脂的实验日粮，分别含有0.03%阿拉伯木聚糖酶，以及0%、2.5%、5%和10%的AX（CAX、对照组、AX2.5、AX5和AX10）。
AX10组前肠中的胰蛋白酶和麦芽糖酶活性显著低于对照组。同样，AX10组中肠黏膜的淀粉酶和蔗糖酶活性、后肠黏膜的麦芽糖酶活性以及中肠和后肠黏膜的mRNA水平也低于对照组。此外，与CAX组和对照组相比，AX10组血浆中的谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）、丙二醛（MDA）水平，中肠和后肠黏膜中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）水平，以及中肠黏膜中的MDA水平显著更高。相反，与CAX组和对照组相比，AX10组血浆中的CAT、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平以及肝脏中的腺苷酸脱氨酶（AMPD）、谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）水平显著更低。此外，随着日粮AX含量的降低，Chao 1指数、香农指数以及蓝细菌的丰度均降低。相反，与对照组相比，AX10组中变形菌门、放线菌门的丰度增加。
这些结果表明，高AX（10%）日粮可能会降低虹鳟鱼的化学屏障、抗氧化功能和蛋白质代谢，同时还会降低肠道微生物群的α多样性并阻碍有益细菌的定殖。
