Guy Roussel Takuissu Nguemto, Martin Fonkoua, Janvier Aimé Youovop Fotso, Ferdinand Lanvin Edoun Ebouel, Ruth Edwige Dibacto Kemadjou, Boris Azantsa Kingue, Laure Ngondi Judith, Enyong Oben Julius
Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Cameroon.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Metabol Open. 2022 Jun 20;15:100199. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100199. eCollection 2022 Sep.
This work evaluated the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of pulp extracts of fruits in rats.
The regulatory ability of the extract on the secretory capacity of pancreatic beta cells (oral glucose tolerance test), and digestion and/or absorption of carbohydrates (starch and sucrose) were evaluated on normal rats. Diabetes was induced in rats by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg), and the animals were treated by the administration of a single daily dose of 400 mg/kg BW of extract. The effect of the extract on blood glucose levels of diabetic rats was monitored 30 min, 2 h, and 5 h after administration, and on the 7th and 14th days of treatment. After 2 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, liver was preserved for the determination of glycogen content. The serum was prepared and markers for nephro and hepatotoxicity were assessed, as well as cardiovascular risk.
The hydroethanolic extract of fruits significantly reduced glucose concentrations after administration of starch and sucrose in normoglycemic rats by limiting the glycemic peak (increasing of 19.67% vs 27.88% for positive control and 35.96% vs 43.97% for positive control, for starch and sucrose respectively). No effect was observed after glucose administration. fruits significantly decreased glucose levels by 14.5% and 54.23% respectively 30 min after administration and 7th days of treatment respectively. The extract decreased plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol levels in diabetic rats; it also decreased the cardiovascular risk through the reduction of Cardiac Risk Ratio, Atherogenic Coefficient, and non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. The extract also promoted renal function but not structural integrity of the liver.
This study suggests that the hydroethanolic pulp extracts of fruits are good antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties agents and could be a potential source of compounds for diabetes management.
本研究评估了水果果肉提取物对大鼠的降血糖和降血脂活性。
在正常大鼠身上评估提取物对胰腺β细胞分泌能力（口服葡萄糖耐量试验）以及碳水化合物（淀粉和蔗糖）消化和/或吸收的调节能力。通过静脉注射链脲佐菌素（50mg/kg）诱导大鼠患糖尿病，然后每天给动物单次注射400mg/kg体重的提取物进行治疗。在给药后30分钟、2小时和5小时以及治疗的第7天和第14天监测提取物对糖尿病大鼠血糖水平的影响。治疗2周后，处死大鼠，保留肝脏用于测定糖原含量。制备血清并评估肾毒性和肝毒性标志物以及心血管风险。
水果的水乙醇提取物在血糖正常的大鼠中，通过限制血糖峰值，在给予淀粉和蔗糖后显著降低了葡萄糖浓度（淀粉分别为19.67%对阳性对照的27.88%，蔗糖分别为35.96%对阳性对照的43.97%）。给予葡萄糖后未观察到效果。水果提取物在给药后30分钟和治疗第7天分别使血糖水平显著降低了14.5%和54.23%。该提取物降低了糖尿病大鼠的血浆甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平；它还通过降低心脏风险比、致动脉粥样硬化系数和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低了心血管风险。该提取物还促进了肾功能，但对肝脏的结构完整性没有影响。
本研究表明，水果的水乙醇果肉提取物具有良好的降血糖和降血脂特性，可能是糖尿病治疗化合物的潜在来源。
