Ochoa-Fuentes Daniel Alejandro, Gutiérrez-Chablé Luis Eduardo, Méndez-Martínez Socorro, García-Flores Máximo Alejandro, Ayón-Aguilar Jorge
Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento del Área de la Salud. Puebla, Puebla, México.
Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud. Villahermosa, Tabasco, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2022 May 2;60(3):338-344.
Among the strategies to avoid COVID-19 disease that affects the world population it is keeping away from contagion through confinement and social distancing, which can cause in children and adolescents a change in the psychosocial environment with a high prevalence of psychological and psychiatric disorders, such as stress, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, risk of suicide and eating disorders. During confinement, were made school closures, shutdowns of recreational and sports spaces, cancellation of outdoor activities, which can have consequences in social habits, sleep, modifications in the eating pattern that entails alterations in anthropometric variables, neurophysiological alterations with behaviors that affect mental health, in addition to the frustration of not executing plans, fear, boredom and the uncertainty of the duration of the pandemic could lead to further stress. Social distancing favors a reduction in interaction, is related to anxiety, stress and depression, in addition to the concern of infecting the family. These scenarios can generate stress for parents, domestic violence and uncontrolled use of the internet. Children and adolescents are vulnerable populations that adapt to the environment in crisis. The objective of this work was to review the influence of confinement and social distancing on stress, anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.
在影响全球人口的避免感染新冠病毒的策略中，包括通过隔离和社交距离来避免传染，这可能会导致儿童和青少年的心理社会环境发生变化，心理和精神障碍的患病率很高，如压力、焦虑症、抑郁症、自杀风险和饮食失调。在隔离期间，学校关闭、娱乐和体育场所关闭、户外活动取消，这可能会对社会习惯、睡眠产生影响，饮食模式的改变会导致人体测量变量的变化、神经生理改变以及影响心理健康的行为，此外，无法执行计划的挫败感、恐惧、无聊以及疫情持续时间的不确定性可能会导致进一步的压力。社交距离有利于减少互动，这与焦虑、压力和抑郁有关，此外还有感染家人的担忧。这些情况可能会给父母带来压力、导致家庭暴力和无节制地使用互联网。儿童和青少年是适应危机环境的弱势群体。这项工作的目的是回顾隔离和社交距离对儿童和青少年压力、焦虑和抑郁的影响。
