Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2022 Jun 28;17(1):334. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03222-1.
With increasing life expectancy, declining mortality, and birth rates, the world's geriatric population is increasing. Falls in the older people are one of the most common and serious problems. Injuries from falls can be fatal or non-fatal and physical or psychological, leading to a reduction in the ability to perform activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of falls in the older people through systematic review and meta-analysis.
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the data from studies on the prevalence of falls in the older people in the world were extracted in the databases of Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), PubMed and Science Direct, and Google Scholar, Magiran and Scientific Information Database (SID) without any time limit until August 2020. To analyze the eligible studies, the stochastic effects model was used, and the heterogeneity of the studies with the I index was investigated. Data analysis was conducted with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2).
In the review of 104 studies with a total sample size of 36,740,590, the prevalence of falls in the older people of the world was 26.5% (95% CI 23.4-29.8%). The highest rate of prevalence of falls in the older people was related to Oceania with 34.4% (95% CI 29.2-40%) and America with 27.9% (95% CI 22.4-34.2%). The results of meta-regression indicated a decreasing trend in the prevalence of falls in the older people of the world by increasing the sample size and increasing the research year (P < 0.05).
The problem of falls, as a common problem with harmful consequences, needs to be seriously considered by policymakers and health care providers to make appropriate plans for preventive interventions to reduce the rate of falls in the older people.
随着预期寿命的延长、死亡率的下降和出生率的下降，世界老年人口正在增加。老年人跌倒是最常见和最严重的问题之一。跌倒造成的伤害可能是致命的或非致命的，也可能是身体上的或心理上的，导致日常生活活动能力下降。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析确定老年人跌倒的患病率。
在这项系统评价和荟萃分析中，从世界范围内关于老年人跌倒患病率的研究中提取数据，这些研究数据来自 Scopus、Web of Science（WoS）、PubMed 和 Science Direct、Google Scholar、Magiran 和 Scientific Information Database（SID）数据库，没有时间限制，截止日期为 2020 年 8 月。为了分析合格的研究，使用随机效应模型，并使用 I 指数调查研究的异质性。数据使用 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 软件（版本 2）进行分析。
在对 104 项研究进行综述，总样本量为 36740590 人后，发现世界上老年人跌倒的患病率为 26.5%（95% CI 23.4-29.8%）。老年人跌倒患病率最高的是大洋洲，为 34.4%（95% CI 29.2-40%），其次是美洲，为 27.9%（95% CI 22.4-34.2%）。荟萃回归的结果表明，随着样本量的增加和研究年份的增加，世界老年人跌倒的患病率呈下降趋势（P<0.05）。
跌倒作为一个具有有害后果的常见问题，需要政策制定者和医疗保健提供者认真考虑，制定适当的预防干预计划，以降低老年人跌倒的发生率。
