Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
Digestive Disease Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Hepatol Int. 2022 Aug;16(4):755-774. doi: 10.1007/s12072-022-10364-1. Epub 2022 Jun 29.
The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest public health challenge in living memory. Patients with underlying liver disease have been disproportionately affected, experiencing high morbidity and mortality. In addition, elevated liver enzymes appear to be a risk factor for disease progression, even in the absence of underlying liver disease. Nevertheless, the mechanism of liver injury in SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 induces liver injury, and the impact of COVID-19 on cirrhosis, alcohol-related liver disease, autoimmune liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis B and C virus infection, liver-transplant recipients and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, emerging data on vaccination in liver diseases is discussed, to help inform public health policy.
新冠疫情是人们记忆中最大的公共卫生挑战。患有基础肝病的患者受到的影响不成比例，发病率和死亡率都很高。此外，即使没有基础肝病，肝酶升高似乎也是疾病进展的一个危险因素。然而，导致 SARS-CoV-2 感染导致肝损伤的确切机制在很大程度上仍然未知。这篇综述旨在概述 SARS-CoV-2 导致肝损伤的机制，以及 COVID-19 对肝硬化、酒精性肝病、自身免疫性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒感染、肝移植受者和肝细胞癌患者的影响。最后，还讨论了肝病疫苗接种的最新数据，以帮助制定公共卫生政策。
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