Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2022 Feb 28;15(1):4-11. doi: 10.51507/j.jams.2022.15.1.4.
The primo vascular system (PVS) is of great interest to scientists in the last few years. The PVS plays a role in stem cell migration, immune function, erythropoiesis, tissue regeneration, and cancer metastasis. Discovered by Bong Han Kim in 1960, the PVS was described as a new, independent system that is distributed in the body of different animals. Since then, several cells have been discovered as important constituents of the PVS. Endothelial cells are hallmarks for the identification of the PVS, as they line the sinuses of the primo vessels and are characterized by their arrangement of rod-shaped nuclei in a parallel, broken-line fashion along the primo vessels. Immune cells as mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes are also hallmarks for the identification of the PVS. One of the most interesting cells in the PVS are p-microcells. Primo nodes are a stem cell niche due to their p-microcells content, which express stem cell biomarkers CD133 and Oct 4. Mature erythrocytes and hematopoietic stem cells have also been observed in the PVS. Hematopoietic stem cells were observed in the PVS. Hematopoietic Stem Cells are the source of the cellular component of blood. Additionally, adrenaline and noradrenaline-producing cells, mesothelial cells, and smooth-muscle-like cells have also been described in the PVS.
首要血管系统 (PVS) 是近年来科学家们非常感兴趣的领域。PVS 在干细胞迁移、免疫功能、红细胞生成、组织再生和癌症转移中发挥作用。PVS 由 Bong Han Kim 于 1960 年发现，被描述为一种分布在不同动物体内的新的独立系统。自那时以来，已经发现了几种细胞作为 PVS 的重要组成部分。内皮细胞是识别 PVS 的标志，因为它们排列在首要血管的窦中，其特点是它们的杆状核沿着首要血管以平行、断续的方式排列。肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞等免疫细胞也是识别 PVS 的标志。PVS 中最有趣的细胞之一是 p-微细胞。首要节结由于其 p-微细胞含量而成为干细胞龛，这些 p-微细胞表达干细胞标志物 CD133 和 Oct 4。成熟的红细胞和造血干细胞也在 PVS 中观察到。造血干细胞存在于 PVS 中。造血干细胞是血液细胞成分的来源。此外，PVS 中还描述了产生肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的细胞、间皮细胞和平滑肌样细胞。
