Lee Bok-Soo, Lee Byung-Cheon, Park Jeong Euy, Choi Hwan-Kyu, Choi Suk-Joo, Soh Kwang-Sup
Division of Cardiology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
Ki Primo Research Laboratory, KAIST Institute for Information Technology Convergence, Daejeon, South Korea.
J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2014 Dec;7(6):291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jams.2014.09.002. Epub 2014 Oct 20.
The primo vascular system (PVS) has been observed in various animals such as mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, swine, and cow, but not in humans. In this work, we report on the observation of a human PVS on both the epithelial fascia and inside the blood vessels of the umbilical cord (UC). The main morphological characteristics of the primo vessels (PVs) and primo nodes (PNs) from the human UC were in agreement with those of the PVS in various animal organs, including the thicknesses and the transparency of the PVs, the sizes of the PNs, the broken-line arrangement of the rod-shaped nuclei, the sparse distribution of nuclei, and the presence of hollow lumens in the central inner parts of the PNs. It was rather surprising that the human PV was not thicker than the PVs from small animals. The difference between the PVS and blood/lymph vessels was confirmed using immunofluorescence staining of von Willebrand factor, CD31, LYVE-1, and D2-40. The positive expression of the PVS to proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a cell-proliferation marker, was consistent with the recent finding of very small embryonic-like stem cells in the PVS of mice.
在小鼠、大鼠、兔子、狗、猪和牛等多种动物中都观察到了原始血管系统（PVS），但在人类中未观察到。在这项研究中，我们报告了在脐带（UC）的上皮筋膜和血管内部观察到人类PVS的情况。来自人类UC的原始血管（PVs）和原始节点（PNs）的主要形态特征与各种动物器官中PVS的特征一致，包括PVs的厚度和透明度、PNs的大小、杆状细胞核的折线排列、细胞核的稀疏分布以及PNs中央内部中空管腔的存在。相当令人惊讶的是，人类PV并不比小动物的PV厚。使用血管性血友病因子、CD31、LYVE-1和D2-40的免疫荧光染色证实了PVS与血液/淋巴管之间的差异。PVS对增殖细胞核抗原（一种细胞增殖标志物）的阳性表达与最近在小鼠PVS中发现的非常小的胚胎样干细胞的结果一致。
