Department of Pediatrics, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Pediatrics, Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2023 Aug;90(8):766-769. doi: 10.1007/s12098-022-04215-y. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
To determine sensitization to house-dust mite (HDM) antigen in under-five children with recurrent wheeze, compare it with nonwheezers, and assess atopic comorbidities in them.
A cross-sectional study was done in the Pediatric department of a teaching hospital in North India, in 190 children aged 1-5 y. Out of these, 127 had recurrent wheeze (RW), and 63 had no wheeze (NW). Sensitivity was done by skin prick test (SPT) for two dust mites antigens: Dermatophagoide farinae and Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus antigens. In addition, atopic comorbidities like atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis were assessed.
Mean age of the study population was 34.52 ± 20.50 mo. SPT positivity for either of the dust mites was 97 (76.4%) in RW and 13 (20.6%) in NW which was significant (p < 0.001, aOR = 12.27). HDM species sensitization for D. pteronyssinus was 55.1% vs. 15.9% (p < 0.001 aOR = 7.81) and D. farinae was 39.4% vs. 9.5% (p < 0.001, aOR = 5.45) in groups, respectively. Mean wheal size in RW Group was also significantly higher than NW group for D. pteronyssinus (2.39 ± 1.44 vs. 0.52 ± 1.19 mm, median (IQR) 3 (1-3), p < 0.001), D. farinae (1.80 ± 1.39 vs. 0.32 ± 1.00 mm, median (IQR) 2 (0-3), p < 0.001). Allergic rhinitis was present in 55 (43.3%) vs. 7 (11.1%) (p < 0.001), atopic dermatitis in 28 (22%) vs. 2 (3.2%) (p = 0.001) in group 1 and 2, respectively. All children with allergic rhinitis had HDM sensitization in both groups.
This study showed early sensitization to HDM in children with recurrent wheeze. Atopic comorbidities were also present in them.
确定反复喘息的五岁以下儿童对屋尘螨（HDM）抗原的致敏情况，将其与非喘息者进行比较，并评估其特应性合并症。
在印度北部一所教学医院的儿科进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入 190 名 1-5 岁的儿童。其中 127 名患有反复喘息（RW），63 名无喘息（NW）。通过皮肤点刺试验（SPT）对两种尘螨抗原：粉尘螨和屋尘螨进行敏感性检测。此外，还评估了特应性皮炎和过敏性鼻炎等特应性合并症。
研究人群的平均年龄为 34.52±20.50 个月。RW 组中，两种尘螨中任意一种的 SPT 阳性率为 97（76.4%），NW 组为 13（20.6%），差异有统计学意义（p<0.001，优势比[OR]=12.27）。HDM 物种致敏方面，D. pteronyssinus 为 55.1%，D. farinae 为 39.4%，差异均有统计学意义（p<0.001，OR=7.81 和 5.45）。RW 组的平均风团大小也显著高于 NW 组，分别为 D. pteronyssinus（2.39±1.44 对 0.52±1.19 mm，中位数（IQR）3（1-3），p<0.001）和 D. farinae（1.80±1.39 对 0.32±1.00 mm，中位数（IQR）2（0-3），p<0.001）。RW 组中，过敏性鼻炎的发生率为 55（43.3%），NW 组为 7（11.1%），差异有统计学意义（p<0.001）；RW 组和 NW 组中，特应性皮炎的发生率分别为 28（22%）和 2（3.2%），差异有统计学意义（p=0.001）。两组中所有过敏性鼻炎患儿均对 HDM 有过敏反应。
本研究表明，反复喘息的儿童很早就对 HDM 产生了致敏反应。他们也存在特应性合并症。
