Teixeira Gabriela P, Guimarães Kisian C, Soares Ana Gabriela N S, Marqueze Elaine C, Moreno Cláudia R C, Mota Maria C, Crispim Cibele A
are with the Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
are with the Nutrition Course, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Uberlândia, Brazil.
Nutr Rev. 2022 Dec 6;81(1):75-90. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac044.
Recent studies show that dietary habits and obesity seem to be influenced by chronotype, which reflects an individual's preference for the timing of sleeping, eating, and activity in a 24-hour period.
This review aimed to analyze the association of chronotype with dietary habits, namely energy and macronutrient intakes, meal timing, and eating patterns, as well as with obesity.
PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases were searched between 2004 and 2020. Study selection was performed by 2 authors independently; disagreements on eligibility of articles were resolved by a third author. After assessment of 12 060 abstracts, 43 studies (21 articles on obesity; 13 on food consumption, meal timing, and eating patterns; and 9 that addressed both obesity and dietary behavior) were included.
A standard form was used to extract study design, country, number of participants, method of chronotype determination, and main findings.
Approximately 95% of included studies showed an association between eveningness and at least 1 unhealthy eating habit. Morningness was associated with regular consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods. In addition, about 47% of studies showed a higher association between late types and obesity.
Late types are more likely to present unhealthy eating habits, such as eating late at night, skipping breakfast often, and eating processed/ultraprocessed foods, while early types are more likely to have healthy and protective habits, such as eating early and eating predominantly fresh/minimally processed foods. Intermediate types tend to have a pattern of health and eating more similar to early types than to late types. Late types are also more likely to present higher weight and body mass index than early or intermediate types.
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021256078.
近期研究表明，饮食习惯和肥胖似乎受生物钟类型的影响，生物钟类型反映了个体在24小时周期内对睡眠、饮食和活动时间的偏好。
本综述旨在分析生物钟类型与饮食习惯（即能量和宏量营养素摄入量、用餐时间和饮食模式）以及肥胖之间的关联。
2004年至2020年间检索了PubMed/MEDLINE、LILACS和谷歌学术数据库。由两名作者独立进行研究选择；关于文章入选资格的分歧由第三位作者解决。在评估了12060篇摘要后，纳入了43项研究（21篇关于肥胖的文章；13篇关于食物消费、用餐时间和饮食模式的文章；9篇涉及肥胖和饮食行为的文章）。
使用标准表格提取研究设计、国家、参与者数量、生物钟类型测定方法和主要研究结果。
约95%的纳入研究表明，晚睡倾向与至少一种不健康饮食习惯之间存在关联。早起倾向与经常食用新鲜和最少加工食品有关。此外，约47%的研究表明，晚睡类型与肥胖之间的关联更强。
晚睡类型更有可能出现不健康的饮食习惯，如晚餐吃得晚、经常不吃早餐以及食用加工/超加工食品，而早起类型更有可能有健康的保护性行为习惯，如用餐早且主要食用新鲜/最少加工食品。中间类型的健康和饮食模式往往更类似于早起类型而非晚睡类型。晚睡类型也比早起或中间类型更有可能出现体重和体重指数较高的情况。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42021256078。
