Vasileva Anna V, Karavaeva Tatiana A, Radionov Dmitriy S, Yakovlev Alexander V, Mitin Igor N, Caroppo Emanuele, Barshak Sergey I, Nazarov Kirill S
Federal State Budgetary Institution «V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 14;13:835323. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.835323. eCollection 2022.
Vaccine hesitancy causes serious difficulties in vaccination campaigns in many countries. The study of the population's attitude toward vaccination and detection of the predictive important individual psychological and social factors defining the vaccination necessity perception will allow elaborating promoting vaccination adherence measures.
The aim of this research was to study COVID-19 threat appraisal, fear of COVID-19, trust in COVID-19 information sources, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and the relationship of sociodemographic variables to COVID-19 preventive behavior.
We carried out a cohort cross-sectional study of the population's attitude toward vaccination against the novel COVID-19 coronavirus infection, using a specially designed questionnaire for an online survey. Totally, there were 4,977 respondents, ranging in age from 18 to 81 years. Statistical assessment was carried out using the SPSS-11 program.
There were different attitudes toward vaccination. Among respondents, 34.2% considered vaccination to be useful, 31.1% doubted its effectiveness, and 9.9% considered vaccination unnecessary. The survey indicated that 7.4% of respondents were indifferent to the vaccine, while 12.2% deemed it to be dangerous. Nearly one-third (32.3%) of respondents indicated that they did not plan to be vaccinated, while another third (34.0%) would postpone their decision until more comprehensive data on the results and effectiveness of vaccination were available. Only 11.6% of the respondents were vaccinated at the time of the study. Young people were less focused on vaccination compared to middle-aged and elderly people. Receiving information concerning COVID-19 vaccination from healthcare workers and scientific experts was associated with greater vaccination acceptance.
The study results showed that vaccination attitudes interacted with individuals' mental health and various sociodemographic factors. Insofar as reports of physicians and experts are essential for shaping attitudes to vaccination, the study results inform the selection of target groups in need of particular psychosocial interventions to overcome their vaccine hesitancy.
疫苗犹豫在许多国家的疫苗接种运动中造成了严重困难。研究民众对疫苗接种的态度，并找出决定对疫苗接种必要性认知的重要个体心理和社会预测因素，将有助于制定促进疫苗接种依从性的措施。
本研究旨在探讨对新冠疫情威胁的评估、对新冠病毒的恐惧、对新冠疫情信息来源的信任、新冠疫情阴谋论信念，以及社会人口统计学变量与新冠疫情预防行为之间的关系。
我们采用专门设计的在线调查问卷，对民众针对新型新冠病毒感染疫苗接种的态度进行了队列横断面研究。共有4977名年龄在18至81岁之间的受访者参与。使用SPSS - 11程序进行统计评估。
民众对疫苗接种存在不同态度。在受访者中，34.2%认为接种疫苗有用，31.1%怀疑其有效性，9.9%认为接种疫苗没有必要。调查显示，7.4%的受访者对疫苗漠不关心，而12.2%认为疫苗有危险。近三分之一（32.3%）的受访者表示他们不打算接种疫苗，另有三分之一（34.0%）会推迟决定，直到有更多关于疫苗接种结果和有效性的全面数据。在研究时，只有11.6%的受访者已经接种了疫苗。与中年人和老年人相比，年轻人对疫苗接种的关注度较低。从医护人员和科学专家那里获得有关新冠疫苗接种的信息与更高的疫苗接受度相关。
研究结果表明，疫苗接种态度与个体的心理健康和各种社会人口统计学因素相互作用。鉴于医生和专家的报告对于塑造疫苗接种态度至关重要，研究结果为选择需要特定心理社会干预以克服疫苗犹豫的目标群体提供了参考。
