Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico.
Université Paris Cité, Unité de Recherche Migrations et Société, Paris, France.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jun 14;10:880171. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880171. eCollection 2022.
This article deals with cultural stereotypes toward Central American migrants in the Mexican healthcare system, which lead to the naturalization of the supposed cultural characteristics of these new users. Based on 21 interviews of health and administrative staff in the state of Nuevo Leon (northeastern Mexico), it shows the first recourse to culturalist explanations to describe any phenomenon related to migrants' health. According to this perspective, the health of migrants, their relation to illness, and their patterns of seeking healthcare would be mainly determined by characteristic cultural traits, which justify their penurious attendance at health centers, and their low adherence to treatments. The culturalist explanation of migrants' health behaviors may influence the care they receive, as well as their adherence to treatment, which ultimately reinforces the health inequalities initially highlighted. This culturalist excess is partly explained by the incorrect understanding of the directives of health authorities in favor of the integration of an intercultural perspective in healthcare. Despite some ongoing training in this area, it does not seem sufficient to correct this situation effectively.
这篇文章探讨了中美洲移民在墨西哥医疗体系中所面临的文化刻板印象，这些刻板印象导致这些新用户的所谓文化特征被自然化。基于对新莱昂州（墨西哥东北部）21 名卫生和行政人员的访谈，文章表明，人们首先倾向于用文化主义解释来描述与移民健康相关的任何现象。根据这种观点，移民的健康状况、他们与疾病的关系以及他们寻求医疗保健的模式主要由特征性的文化特征决定，这些特征解释了他们贫困的医疗中心就诊率和对治疗的低依从性。对移民健康行为的文化主义解释可能会影响他们所接受的护理以及他们对治疗的依从性，这最终强化了最初强调的健康不平等现象。这种文化主义的过度部分可以解释为对卫生当局倡导的文化间视角融入医疗保健指令的错误理解。尽管在这方面进行了一些持续的培训，但似乎不足以有效纠正这种情况。
