Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, Novi, MI, USA.
Sleep. 2022 Sep 8;45(9). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsac149.
Prior research suggests that some individuals have a predisposition to experience insomnia following acute stressors (i.e. sleep reactivity). The present study was a proof of concept and specifically aimed to provide additional empirical evidence that the link between stressful life events and the onset of acute insomnia is moderated by sleep reactivity.
About 1,225 adults with a history of good sleep (Mage = 53.2 years, 68% female, 83% white) were recruited nationwide for an online study on sleep health. Participants completed surveys to assess sleep reactivity (baseline), sleep patterns (daily sleep diary), and stressful life events (weekly survey). All daily and weekly measures were completed for a one-year period. Sleep diary data were used to identify sleep initiation/maintenance difficulties, including whether they met criteria for acute insomnia at any point during the one-year interval.
Participants with high sleep reactivity compared to low sleep reactivity were at 76% increased odds of developing acute insomnia during the one-year interval. In general, greater weekly stressful life events were associated with greater insomnia during the subsequent week. Those participants with high sleep reactivity demonstrated a stronger relationship between weekly stressful life events and insomnia, such that they reported the greatest levels of insomnia following weeks where they experienced a greater number of stressful life events.
These results further support the sleep reactivity model of insomnia, and specifically, provide evidence that sleep reactivity predicts the incidence of acute insomnia in a sample of participants with no history of insomnia.
先前的研究表明，有些人在经历急性应激源后（即睡眠反应性）容易出现失眠倾向。本研究旨在提供进一步的实证证据，证明生活应激事件与急性失眠发作之间的联系受到睡眠反应性的调节。
约 1225 名有良好睡眠史的成年人（平均年龄为 53.2 岁，68%为女性，83%为白人）在全国范围内招募，参加一项关于睡眠健康的在线研究。参与者完成了评估睡眠反应性（基线）、睡眠模式（每日睡眠日记）和生活应激事件（每周调查）的问卷。所有的日常和每周测量都在一年的时间内完成。睡眠日记数据用于识别睡眠起始/维持困难，包括在一年的间隔内是否在任何时候符合急性失眠的标准。
与低睡眠反应性相比，高睡眠反应性的参与者在一年内发生急性失眠的几率增加了 76%。一般来说，每周更多的生活应激事件与随后一周的失眠程度增加有关。那些睡眠反应性较高的参与者，在每周生活应激事件与失眠之间表现出更强的关系，即他们在经历更多生活应激事件的周报告了更高水平的失眠。
这些结果进一步支持了失眠的睡眠反应性模型，特别是提供了证据表明，在没有失眠史的参与者样本中，睡眠反应性预测了急性失眠的发生率。
