Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2022 Aug;306:102724. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102724. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
Superhydrophobic surfaces are smart surfaces with high water contact angles and low surface energy. When water droplets rest on superhydrophobic surfaces, they often stay at high contact angles, and the lower contact angle hysteresis of the surface makes the water droplets roll extremely easily. In recent years, materials based on response to external stimuli have received extensive attention and research, which has brought a positive impact on the research of superhydrophobic surfaces in droplet manipulation. With more and more attention, the research on droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces in response to external stimuli has achieved many promising results, which will have great application potential in the fields of liquid transport, biochemical separation, in situ detection, and microfluidics. In this paper, we mainly review the droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces in response to electrical, magnetic, photothermal, acoustic and other external stimuli in recent years. First, the basic concept of superhydrophobic surface is introduced, three wettability theories are discussed, and the connection between superhydrophobic surface and droplet manipulation is discussed, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces and other surfaces. In addition, some special designs of superhydrophobic surfaces are also introduced. Secondly, the research results and progress of droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces induced by electrical, magnetic, optical, acoustic, mechanical stress and other external fields in recent years are mainly introduced and discussed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of droplet manipulation research are summarized, and the possible future development directions are prospected in order to promote the development of this field.
超疏水表面是一种具有高接触角和低表面能的智能表面。当液滴停留在超疏水表面上时，它们通常会保持高接触角，而表面的低接触角滞后使液滴极易滚动。近年来，基于对外界刺激响应的材料受到了广泛关注和研究，这对液滴在超疏水表面上的操控研究带来了积极的影响。随着越来越多的关注，对外界刺激响应的超疏水表面上液滴操控的研究已经取得了许多有前景的成果，这将在液体输送、生化分离、原位检测和微流控等领域具有巨大的应用潜力。本文主要综述了近年来超疏水表面在电、磁、光热、声等外界刺激下的液滴操控研究进展。首先介绍了超疏水表面的基本概念，讨论了三种润湿性理论，并探讨了超疏水表面与液滴操控之间的联系，比较了超疏水表面与其他表面进行液滴操控的优缺点。此外，还介绍了一些超疏水表面的特殊设计。其次，主要介绍和讨论了近年来超疏水表面在外电场、磁场、光场、声场、机械应力场等外界场作用下液滴操控的研究成果和进展。最后，总结了液滴操控研究的优缺点，并展望了可能的未来发展方向，以促进该领域的发展。
