You Chang, Zhong Yiping
Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2022 Jun 25;15:1587-1599. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S366135. eCollection 2022.
Research has demonstrated that nostalgia can improve self-esteem as a positive psychological resource in Western culture. Moreover, nostalgia is cross-culturally consistent. Therefore, nostalgia triggered by an event reflection task affects self-esteem in Eastern cultures. However, it is unknown whether the collective or personal content of nostalgia affects self-esteem and the role of loneliness in this process.
This study examined the cross-cultural consistency of nostalgia's impact on self-esteem, whether nostalgic content affects self-esteem levels, and what role loneliness plays in this process.
We conducted two experiments in this study. Experiment 1 used an event reflection task with different instructions to prime the nostalgia and control groups. Participants were asked to complete the Positive and Negative Affect Scale and a revised positive version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale after priming. Experiment 2 used different instructions and pictures to prime the social and personal nostalgia groups. The PANAS, a revised positive version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Russell Loneliness Scale were then administered to the groups.
Experiment 1 showed that in the nostalgic condition, self-esteem was higher than in the control condition. In the nostalgia condition, participants felt more positive than in the control condition. Experiment 2 revealed that self-esteem was higher in the collective nostalgic context than in the personal nostalgic context. Regarding the positive effect, participants felt more positive in the collective nostalgic context than in the personal nostalgic context. Loneliness also had a mediating effect on this process.
Results show that nostalgia affects self-esteem through cross-cultural consistency and social nostalgia can be a resource for positive mental health. Moreover, loneliness plays a significant role in mediating nostalgia's effect on self-esteem.
研究表明，在西方文化中，怀旧作为一种积极的心理资源可以提升自尊。此外，怀旧具有跨文化的一致性。因此，由事件反思任务引发的怀旧会影响东方文化中的自尊。然而，尚不清楚怀旧的集体或个人内容是否会影响自尊以及孤独在这一过程中的作用。
本研究考察了怀旧对自尊影响的跨文化一致性、怀旧内容是否影响自尊水平以及孤独在这一过程中所起的作用。
我们在本研究中进行了两项实验。实验1使用带有不同指示语的事件反思任务来启动怀旧组和对照组。启动后，要求参与者完成正负情感量表以及罗森伯格自尊量表的修订积极版。实验2使用不同的指示语和图片来启动社会怀旧组和个人怀旧组。然后对这些组施测正负情感量表、罗森伯格自尊量表的修订积极版以及罗素孤独量表。
实验1表明，在怀旧条件下，自尊高于对照条件。在怀旧条件下，参与者比对照条件下感觉更积极。实验2显示，集体怀旧情境中的自尊高于个人怀旧情境。关于积极影响，参与者在集体怀旧情境中比在个人怀旧情境中感觉更积极。孤独在这一过程中也有中介作用。
结果表明，怀旧通过跨文化一致性影响自尊，社会怀旧可以成为积极心理健康的一种资源。此外，孤独在中介怀旧对自尊的影响方面发挥着重要作用。
