Mishra Ashok K, Pede Valerien O, Arouna Aminou, Labarta Ricardo, Andrade Robert, Veettil Prakash C, Bhandari Humnath, Laborte Alice G, Balie Jean, Bouman Bas
Kemper and Ethel Marley Foundation Chair, Morrison School of Agribusiness, W. P. Carey School of Business, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA.
International Rice Research Institute, Los Banõs, Philippines.
Glob Food Sec. 2022 Jun;33:100628. doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2022.100628.
Rice production has increased significantly with the efforts of international research centers and national governments in the past five decades. Nonetheless, productivity improvement still needs to accelerate in the coming years to feed the growing population that depends on rice for calories and nutrients. This challenge is compounded by the increasing scarcity of natural resources such as water and farmland. This article reviews 17 ex-post impact assessment studies published from 2016 to 2021 on rice varieties, agronomic practices, institutional arrangements, information and communication technologies, and post-harvest technologies used by rice farmers. From the review of these selected studies, we found that stress-tolerant varieties in Asia and Africa significantly increased rice yield and income. Additionally, institutional innovations, training, and natural resource management practices, such as direct-seeded rice, rodent control, and iron-toxicity removal, have had a considerable positive effect on smallholder rice farmers' economic well-being (income and rice yield). Additional positive impacts are expected from the important uptake of stress-tolerant varieties documented in several Asian, Latin American, and African countries.
在过去五十年里，通过国际研究中心和各国政府的努力，水稻产量显著增加。尽管如此，未来几年仍需加快提高生产力，以养活越来越多依赖水稻获取热量和营养的人口。水资源和农田等自然资源日益稀缺，这一挑战变得更加复杂。本文回顾了2016年至2021年发表的17项关于水稻品种、农艺实践、制度安排、信息通信技术以及稻农使用的收获后技术的事后影响评估研究。通过对这些选定研究的回顾，我们发现亚洲和非洲的耐逆品种显著提高了水稻产量和收入。此外，制度创新、培训以及自然资源管理实践，如直播水稻、鼠害防治和铁毒去除，对小农户水稻种植者的经济福祉（收入和水稻产量）产生了相当大的积极影响。预计亚洲、拉丁美洲和非洲一些国家记录的耐逆品种的大量采用将带来更多积极影响。
