Nugues Charlotte, Helassa Nordine, Haynes Lee P
Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Front Physiol. 2022 Jun 17;13:951979. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.951979. eCollection 2022.
The transformation of a single fertilised egg into an adult human consisting of tens of trillions of highly diverse cell types is a marvel of biology. The expansion is largely achieved by cell duplication through the process of mitosis. Mitosis is essential for normal growth, development, and tissue repair and is one of the most tightly regulated biological processes studied. This regulation is designed to ensure accurate segregation of chromosomes into each new daughter cell since errors in this process can lead to genetic imbalances, aneuploidy, that can lead to diseases including cancer. Understanding how mitosis operates and the molecular mechanisms that ensure its fidelity are therefore not only of significant intellectual value but provide unique insights into disease pathology. The purpose of this review is to revisit historical evidence that mitosis can be influenced by the ubiquitous second messenger calcium and to discuss this in the context of new findings revealing exciting new information about its role in cell division.
一个受精卵转变为一个由数万亿种高度多样化细胞类型组成的成年人，这是生物学的一个奇迹。这种细胞数量的增加主要是通过有丝分裂过程中的细胞复制来实现的。有丝分裂对于正常的生长、发育和组织修复至关重要，并且是研究得最为严格调控的生物过程之一。这种调控旨在确保染色体准确地分离到每个新的子细胞中，因为这一过程中的错误会导致遗传失衡，即非整倍体，进而可能引发包括癌症在内的疾病。因此，了解有丝分裂如何运作以及确保其准确性的分子机制，不仅具有重大的学术价值，还能为疾病病理学提供独特的见解。本综述的目的是重新审视有丝分裂可受普遍存在的第二信使钙影响的历史证据，并结合新发现进行讨论，这些新发现揭示了有关其在细胞分裂中作用的令人兴奋的新信息。
