Linden Mark A, Mitchell Gary, Carlisle Susan, Rainey Debbie, Mulvenna Caroline, Monaghan Catherine
School of Nursing & Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
BMC Nurs. 2022 Jul 4;21(1):173. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00956-5.
The nursing profession is facing a worldwide recruitment shortage which could be partially addressed by recruiting more males. However, in many developed countries numbers of male nurses have traditionally been low. To address this issue we developed and tested a post-primary school-based intervention to recruit more males into the nursing profession.
Participants included thirty-four female students drawn from an all-girls post-primary school, fifty-one males from an all-boys post-primary school and seven males and fifteen females drawn from a mixed gender post-primary school, all located in Northern Ireland. Participants were all sixteen years of age and were in receipt of careers education. The intervention titled 'Make a Difference with Nursing' was co-designed with careers teachers, nurses and post-primary school students. This video based intervention was created to fit within existing career lessons and featured nursing staff and students describing their experiences of the profession. Participants completed the six domains of Nursing as a Career Choice Questionnaire prior to viewing the intervention and again after viewing.
Positive and statistically significant increases in perceptions of the nursing profession were found between pre and post test scores across all six domains. No statistically significant differences in perceptions were found between males and females after watching the intervention. Comparison by school type showed statistically significant differences on the domains of prior healthcare exposure (p = 0.046; 95% CI -0.19 to 3.79) and job prospects (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.04 to 7.01). Students from the all-girls school rated these more positively than those from the all-boys and mixed-gender schools.
A short video presentation to post-primary school students is capable of changing how they perceive the nursing profession. Students expressed surprise over the variety of professional nursing roles suggesting that many were not well informed about the realities of nursing. Providing tailored resources for use in careers lessons can better educate students and teachers about nursing and provide positive portrayals of male role models in the profession.
护理行业正面临全球范围内的招聘短缺问题，招募更多男性护士或许能部分解决这一问题。然而，在许多发达国家，传统上男护士的数量一直较少。为解决这一问题，我们开发并测试了一种以小学后教育为基础的干预措施，以招募更多男性从事护理行业。
参与者包括来自北爱尔兰一所女子小学的34名女学生、一所男子小学的51名男学生以及一所男女混合小学的7名男学生和15名女学生。所有参与者均为16岁，正在接受职业教育。名为“护理创造不同”的干预措施是与职业教师、护士和小学后教育阶段的学生共同设计的。这个基于视频的干预措施旨在融入现有的职业课程，展示护理人员和学生描述他们的职业经历。参与者在观看干预措施之前和之后分别完成了《护理职业选择问卷》的六个维度。
在所有六个维度上，测试前后的分数显示出对护理行业认知的积极且具有统计学意义的提高。观看干预措施后，男性和女性在认知上没有发现统计学上的显著差异。按学校类型进行比较，在前医疗保健接触（p = 0.046；95%置信区间 -0.19至3.79）和就业前景（p = 0.005；95%置信区间1.04至7.01）维度上发现了统计学上的显著差异。女子学校的学生对这些维度的评价比男子学校和男女混合学校的学生更积极。
向小学后教育阶段的学生播放短视频能够改变他们对护理行业的认知。学生们对护理专业角色的多样性表示惊讶，这表明许多人对护理工作的实际情况了解不足。在职业课程中提供量身定制的资源可以更好地让学生和教师了解护理行业，并展示该行业男性榜样的正面形象。
