Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Autoimmun Rev. 2022 Aug;21(8):103136. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103136. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
There is growing evidence of vitamin D involvement in immune regulation and gut barrier function, suggesting that vitamin D may play a critical role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This review presents advances in the molecular mechanisms of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling with respect to barrier integrity and innate/adaptive immunity in the gut, as well as recent findings in uncovering the biological link between vitamin D-associated genetic variants and IBD. Experimental data have revealed a mechanistic basis for the contribution of vitamin D to the pathogenesis of IBD. The vitamin D/VDR complex is involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogenic threats by acting as an immunomodulator and alleviating inflammation in experimental IBD models and IBD patients, contributing to intestinal homeostasis. Vitamin D has been associated with the promotion of antimicrobial peptide secretion, down-regulation of dendritic cell activity, induction of tolerogenic rather than pro-inflammatory T-cell differentiation and function, and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, highlighting its potential therapeutic value for IBD. Elucidating the complex interplay between vitamin D/VDR and the pathogenesis of IBD is critical for the development of novel therapeutic interventions and for the potential use of this molecule as a prognostic and diagnostic tool in clinical practice.
越来越多的证据表明维生素 D 参与免疫调节和肠道屏障功能，提示维生素 D 可能在炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的发展中起关键作用。本综述介绍了维生素 D 和维生素 D 受体 (VDR) 信号通路在肠道屏障完整性和固有/适应性免疫方面的分子机制的最新进展，以及最近发现的维生素 D 相关遗传变异与 IBD 之间的生物学联系。实验数据为维生素 D 对 IBD 发病机制的贡献提供了机制基础。维生素 D/VDR 复合物通过作为免疫调节剂和减轻实验性 IBD 模型和 IBD 患者的炎症，参与对致病威胁的固有和适应性免疫反应的调节，有助于肠道内稳态。维生素 D 与促进抗菌肽分泌、下调树突状细胞活性、诱导耐受而非促炎 T 细胞分化和功能以及增加抗炎细胞因子的产生有关，突出了其在 IBD 治疗中的潜在价值。阐明维生素 D/VDR 与 IBD 发病机制之间的复杂相互作用对于开发新的治疗干预措施以及将该分子作为临床实践中的预后和诊断工具的潜在用途至关重要。
