Arch Intern Med. 1987 May;147(5):830-42.
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are commonly associated diseases occurring in more than 2.5 million Americans, particularly in the socioeconomically disadvantaged. Hypertension contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. This article was prepared as a practical guide for the management of hypertension in diabetic persons. While treatment of hypertension in most diabetic persons does not differ from that in nondiabetic persons, this article outlines some special considerations relevant to the presence of both diseases. For both hypertension and diabetes mellitus, basic nonpharmacologic therapy consists of dietary alterations, exercise, weight management, smoking cessation, and restricted alcohol intake. These measures should be instituted as initial therapy or concomitant with pharmacologic measures. The stepped-care approach to drug treatment in essential hypertension serves as a guide to therapy. Flexibility in the use of antihypertensive drug therapy is suggested, and selected practical issues in drug treatment are reviewed.
高血压和糖尿病是常见的相关疾病，在美国有超过250万人患病，尤其是在社会经济地位不利的人群中。高血压在糖尿病患者群体中对发病率和死亡率有很大影响。本文旨在为糖尿病患者高血压的管理提供实用指南。虽然大多数糖尿病患者的高血压治疗与非糖尿病患者并无不同，但本文概述了与这两种疾病并存相关的一些特殊考虑因素。对于高血压和糖尿病，基本的非药物治疗包括饮食改变、运动、体重管理、戒烟和限制酒精摄入。这些措施应作为初始治疗或与药物治疗同时实施。原发性高血压的阶梯式药物治疗方法可作为治疗指南。建议在使用抗高血压药物治疗时保持灵活性，并对药物治疗中的一些实际问题进行了综述。
