Departmento de Medicina Veterinaria, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, Jalisco, 44600, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. Av. Normalistas No. 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, CP 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Arch Virol. 2022 Nov;167(11):2109-2121. doi: 10.1007/s00705-022-05522-7. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) infection in dogs is associated with severe gastroenteritis, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting, resulting in high rates of death, especially in unvaccinated puppies within the first months of age. There are three variants, called CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c, co-circulating worldwide. Our group previously reported that the only circulating CPV-2 variant in the Guadalajara metropolitan area in western Mexico was type 2c. Now, a five-year study was performed in order to investigate the possible dominance of CPV-2c in our region. Rectal swabs were collected from 146 dogs with clinical gastroenteritis from May 2014 to August 2019 at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Guadalajara. Of these, 90 dogs tested positive for canine parvovirus by PCR. Most of the infected dogs with CPV-2 had a partial or incomplete vaccination status (n = 88, 97.8%). Approximately 65% (n = 59) of them were mixed-breed dogs, 77.8% (n = 70) were under 6 months of age, and 37.8% (n = 34) of them died from clinical complications. RFLP analysis of amplicons derived from the vp2 gene showed that all 90 DNA samples corresponded to CPV-2c, with no evidence of the presence of CPV-2a or CPV-2b variants. Twenty-nine of the 90 DNA samples were selected for amplification of a portion of the vp2 gene, and sequencing of these amplicons showed that all of them had the sequence GAA at codon 426, encoding the amino acid glutamic acid, which is characteristic of CPV-2c. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the CPV-2c sequences were related to those of viruses from Europe and South America. The present study indicates that CPV-2c is still the only variant circulating in the dog population of the Guadalajara metropolitan area.
犬细小病毒 2 型（CPV-2）感染犬只与严重的胃肠炎、血性腹泻和呕吐有关，死亡率很高，尤其是在未接种疫苗的幼犬中，死亡率尤其高，而这些幼犬的年龄通常在首月内。该病毒有三种变体，分别称为 CPV-2a、CPV-2b 和 CPV-2c，在全球范围内共同循环。我们的研究小组之前报告称，在墨西哥西部的瓜达拉哈拉大都市区，唯一流行的 CPV-2 变体为 2c 型。现在，进行了一项为期五年的研究，以调查 CPV-2c 型在我们地区可能的优势。2014 年 5 月至 2019 年 8 月，在瓜达拉哈拉大学兽医院，从 146 只患有临床胃肠炎的犬只中采集直肠拭子。其中，90 只犬通过 PCR 检测出犬细小病毒阳性。感染 CPV-2 的大多数犬只具有部分或不完全的疫苗接种状态（n=88，97.8%）。大约 65%（n=59）的犬只为混种犬，77.8%（n=70）的犬只为 6 个月以下的犬，37.8%（n=34）的犬死于临床并发症。来自 vp2 基因扩增子的 RFLP 分析表明，所有 90 个 DNA 样本均对应于 CPV-2c，没有 CPV-2a 或 CPV-2b 变体存在的证据。从 90 个 DNA 样本中选择了 29 个用于扩增 vp2 基因的一部分，对这些扩增子的测序表明，它们都具有编码氨基酸谷氨酸的密码子 426 处的 GAA，这是 CPV-2c 的特征。系统进化分析表明，CPV-2c 序列与来自欧洲和南美洲的病毒序列有关。本研究表明，CPV-2c 仍然是瓜达拉哈拉大都市区犬群中循环的唯一变体。
