Zhao Qiushi, Liu Ying, Zhang Siyu, Zhao Yuchu, Wang Chenxi, Li Keqiang, Jin Zecheng, Qiao Juhui, Liu Meichen
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jun 17;14:870326. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.870326. eCollection 2022.
In an increasingly aged global population, achieving healthy life expectancy through natural and safe drug interventions is highly desirable. Here we show that total ginsenosides (TGGR), the main active components in the traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng, promote longevity across species. In , an intriguing effect of TGGR on lifespan was the relatively narrow treatment window to elicit long-term benefits. TGGR administration during early adulthood, and especially during midlife, was sufficient to extend lifespan in both sexes. TGGR did not increase lifespan by reducing food intake or reproductive capacity; rather, TGGR increased the fertility of male . TGGR augmented healthspan readouts associated with youth and with healthy aging, such as motility, intestinal barrier integrity, and biorhythm homeostasis. TGGR treatment also improved some types of stress resistance in both sexes, including increased tolerance to starvation and oxidation, and shifting "aged" gene expression patterns toward "healthy" patterns seen in the young. Gene expression, pharmacological and genetic epistatic analyses demonstrated that TGGR effects require normal expression of genes involved in insulin, TOR and MAPK signaling. The positive effects of TGGR on both healthspan and lifespan, coupled with its mechanism of action via evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways, demonstrate it to be a promising anti-aging drug.
在全球人口老龄化日益加剧的情况下，通过天然且安全的药物干预来实现健康预期寿命是非常可取的。在此我们表明，中药人参中的主要活性成分总人参皂苷（TGGR）可促进不同物种的长寿。有趣的是，TGGR对寿命的影响存在一个相对较窄的治疗窗口以产生长期益处。在成年早期，尤其是中年时期给予TGGR足以延长两性的寿命。TGGR并非通过减少食物摄入量或生殖能力来延长寿命；相反，TGGR提高了雄性的生育能力。TGGR增强了与年轻和健康衰老相关的健康寿命指标，如运动能力、肠道屏障完整性和生物节律稳态。TGGR治疗还改善了两性的某些类型的应激抗性，包括提高对饥饿和氧化的耐受性，并将“衰老”的基因表达模式转变为在年轻人中所见的“健康”模式。基因表达、药理学和基因上位性分析表明，TGGR的作用需要参与胰岛素、TOR和MAPK信号传导的基因正常表达。TGGR对健康寿命和寿命的积极影响，以及其通过进化保守信号通路的作用机制，表明它是一种有前景的抗衰老药物。
