Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
Provincial University Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 25;15(15):3286. doi: 10.3390/nu15153286.
Aging is a cellular state characterized by a permanent cessation of cell division and evasion of apoptosis. DNA damage, metabolic dysfunction, telomere damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main factors associated with senescence. Aging increases β-galactosidase activity, enhances cell spreading, and induces Lamin B1 loss, which further accelerate the aging process. It is associated with a variety of diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, type 2 diabetes, and chronic inflammation. Ginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-aging effects. The active components of ginseng, including saponins, polysaccharides, and active peptides, have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, and age-delaying effects. DNA damage is the main factor associated with aging, and the mechanism through which the active ingredients of ginseng reduce DNA damage and delay aging has not been comprehensively described. This review focuses on the anti-aging mechanisms of the active ingredients of ginseng. Furthermore, it broadens the scope of ideas for further research on natural products and aging.
衰老是一种细胞状态，其特征是细胞分裂永久停止和逃避细胞凋亡。DNA 损伤、代谢功能障碍、端粒损伤和线粒体功能障碍是与衰老相关的主要因素。衰老会增加β-半乳糖苷酶的活性，增强细胞扩散，并诱导核纤层蛋白 B1 的丢失，这进一步加速了衰老过程。它与多种疾病有关，如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、2 型糖尿病和慢性炎症。人参是一种具有抗衰老作用的中药。人参的活性成分，包括皂苷、多糖和活性肽，具有抗氧化、抗凋亡、神经保护和延缓衰老的作用。DNA 损伤是与衰老相关的主要因素，而人参活性成分降低 DNA 损伤和延缓衰老的机制尚未得到全面描述。本综述重点介绍了人参活性成分的抗衰老机制。此外，它拓宽了对天然产物和衰老进一步研究的思路。
