Global Protect Oceans, Lands, and Waters Program, The Nature Conservancy, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Global Conservation in Partnership with Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities Program, The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Conserv Biol. 2023 Feb;37(1):e13973. doi: 10.1111/cobi.13973. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Efforts to devolve rights and engage Indigenous Peoples and local communities in conservation have increased the demand for evidence of the efficacy of community-based conservation (CBC) and insights into what enables its success. We examined the human well-being and environmental outcomes of a diverse set of 128 CBC projects. Over 80% of CBC projects had some positive human well-being or environmental outcomes, although just 32% achieved positive outcomes for both (i.e., combined success). We coded 57 total national-, community-, and project-level variables and controls from this set, performed random forest classification to identify the variables most important to combined success, and calculated accumulated local effects to describe their individual influence on the probability of achieving it. The best predictors of combined success were 17 variables suggestive of various recommendations and opportunities for conservation practitioners related to national contexts, community characteristics, and the implementation of various strategies and interventions informed by existing CBC frameworks. Specifically, CBC projects had higher probabilities of combined success when they occurred in national contexts supportive of local governance, confronted challenges to collective action, promoted economic diversification, and invested in various capacity-building efforts. Our results provide important insights into how to encourage greater success in CBC.
努力将权利下放给原住民和地方社区，并让他们参与到保护工作中，这增加了对基于社区的保护（CBC）有效性的证据的需求，以及对促成其成功的因素的深入了解。我们研究了 128 个不同 CBC 项目的人类福祉和环境成果。超过 80%的 CBC 项目在人类福祉或环境方面取得了一些积极成果，尽管只有 32%的项目同时取得了积极成果（即综合成功）。我们从这组项目中编码了 57 个总括的国家、社区和项目级别的变量和控制因素，进行了随机森林分类，以确定对综合成功最重要的变量，并计算了累积的局部效应，以描述它们对实现综合成功的概率的个别影响。综合成功的最佳预测因素是 17 个变量，这些变量提示了与国家背景、社区特征以及实施各种策略和干预措施有关的各种建议和机会，这些措施是基于现有的 CBC 框架提出的。具体而言，当 CBC 项目发生在支持地方治理、应对集体行动挑战、促进经济多样化和投资于各种能力建设的国家背景下时，它们更有可能取得综合成功。我们的研究结果为如何鼓励 CBC 取得更大的成功提供了重要的见解。
