用木炭刷牙对牙齿颜色和牙釉质丧失的影响：一项体外研究。

Impact of brushing with charcoal on tooth color and enamel loss: An in vitro study.

机构信息

Comprehensive Care Unit, Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,

Department of Preventive, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of New England, Portland, Maine, USA.

出版信息

Am J Dent. 2022 Jun;35(2):133-136.

PMID:35798707

Abstract

PURPOSE

To evaluate the whitening efficacy of charcoal powder compared to a whitening toothpaste and the surface loss using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

METHODS

60 human extracted teeth were randomly assigned to two groups: Treatment (T, charcoal group: Premium Nature) and Control (C, whitening toothpaste group: Colgate Optic White). Teeth in the treatment group were brushed with a charcoal paste. Teeth shade was evaluated before and after the intervention. Lightness was assessed using both VITA classical shade guide and VITA Easyshade V. Changes within and between the group were evaluated by the paired-sample t-test and independent sample t-test. Surface roughness (Ra) of samples was performed using SEM, and to assess surface loss a CLSM was used.

RESULTS

At baseline, there were no significant differences in teeth lightness, chroma, or hue between both the charcoal and the whitening toothpaste groups (P> 0.05). After 21 days of brushing, teeth brushed with the whitening toothpaste were significantly lighter (VITA Easyshade mean score: 78.34, SD: 8.397; VITA classical A1-D4 shade mean: 8.90, SD: 4.475) than the charcoal group (VITA Easyshade mean: 69.70, SD: 6.364; VITA classical A1-D4 shade mean: 11.77; SD: 3.421) (P< 0.001). In addition, there was a significant reduction in lightness (i.e., increase in darkness) within the charcoal group after the intervention (P< 0.001). There was no significant difference in chroma and hue between the charcoal and the whitening toothpaste groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant tooth loss nor roughness change (P= 0.867) for both groups when compared with natural tooth structure. Brushing teeth with the charcoal paste tested for 21 days had no effect on tooth lightness, chroma, or hue. Charcoal powder had no significant effect on tooth surface roughness.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The Premium Nature charcoal toothpaste tested had no tooth whitening effect.

摘要

目的

通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）评估与美白牙膏相比，竹炭粉的美白效果和表面损失。

方法

将 60 个人类离体牙随机分为两组：治疗组（T，竹炭组：Premium Nature）和对照组（C，美白牙膏组：Colgate Optic White）。治疗组用竹炭糊刷牙。干预前后评估牙齿的色调。使用 VITA 经典比色板和 VITA Easyshade V 评估明度。使用配对样本 t 检验和独立样本 t 检验评估组内和组间的变化。使用 SEM 评估样本的表面粗糙度（Ra），并使用 CLSM 评估表面损失。

结果

在基线时，竹炭和美白牙膏组之间的牙齿明度、彩度或色调均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。刷牙 21 天后，使用美白牙膏刷牙的牙齿明显更亮（VITA Easyshade 平均得分：78.34，SD：8.397；VITA 经典 A1-D4 平均色调：8.90，SD：4.475）比竹炭组（VITA Easyshade 平均得分：69.70，SD：6.364；VITA 经典 A1-D4 平均色调：11.77，SD：3.421）（P＜0.001）。此外，干预后竹炭组明度显著降低（即变暗）（P＜0.001）。竹炭和美白牙膏组之间的彩度和色调无显著差异（P＞0.05）。与天然牙结构相比，两组的牙丢失或粗糙度变化均无统计学意义（P=0.867）。用竹炭糊刷牙 21 天对牙齿明度、彩度或色调没有影响。竹炭粉对牙齿表面粗糙度没有显著影响。