School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2022 Jul 7;19(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12966-022-01316-x.
This paper presents the mixed methods process evaluation of the randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT), a multi-component intervention targeting physical activity and positive lifestyle behaviours in a cohort of 382 truck drivers in the UK. The SHIFT RCT found a significant difference in daily steps between intervention and control groups at 6-months in favour of the intervention participants.
SHIFT was evaluated within a cluster-RCT and involved 25 transport sites (12 intervention and 13 control sites). Intervention components included an education session, Fitbit, text messages, and cab workout equipment. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and 6-months follow-up. Semi-structured focus groups/interviews were conducted with drivers (n = 19) and managers (n = 18) from each site, after completion of the final follow-up health assessment (16-18 months post-randomisation). Questionnaires and interviews collected information on fidelity, dose, context, implementation, barriers, sustainability, and contamination.
Questionnaire and interview data from intervention participants indicated favourable attitudes towards SHIFT, specifically towards the Fitbit with a high proportion of drivers reporting regularly using it (89.1%). 79.2% of intervention participants attended the education session, which was deemed useful for facilitating improvements in knowledge and behaviour change, dietary changes were predominantly recalled. Despite not being part of the intervention, participants reported that feedback from the health assessments motivated them to change aspects of their lifestyle (intervention = 91.1%, control = 67.5%). The cab workout equipment was used less and spoken unfavourably of in the interviews. The main barriers to a healthy lifestyle at work were reported as long hours and irregular shift patterns. The most suggested improvement for the intervention was more frequent contact with drivers. Managers were positive about the objectives of SHIFT, however almost all mentioned the challenges related to implementation, specifically in smaller sites.
Overall, SHIFT was predominantly implemented as intended, with minimal discrepancies seen between the delivery and protocol. Having said this, transport sites each have distinct characteristics, which may require adaptations to individual settings to encourage participation. Managers and drivers reported enthusiasm and necessity for SHIFT to be included in future Certificate of Professional Competence training.
ISRCTN10483894 (date registered: 01/03/2017).
本文介绍了针对英国 382 名卡车司机队列的多组分干预措施——结构化健康干预卡车司机（SHIFT）的随机对照试验（RCT）的混合方法过程评估。SHIFT RCT 发现在 6 个月时，干预组与对照组之间的每日步数有显著差异，干预组更有利。
SHIFT 在一项集群 RCT 中进行评估，涉及 25 个运输站点（12 个干预站点和 13 个对照站点）。干预措施包括教育课程、Fitbit、短信和驾驶室锻炼设备。参与者在基线和 6 个月随访时完成问卷。在完成最后一次随访健康评估（随机分组后 16-18 个月）后，对每个站点的司机（n=19）和经理（n=18）进行了半结构化焦点小组/访谈。问卷和访谈收集了有关保真度、剂量、背景、实施、障碍、可持续性和污染的信息。
干预参与者的问卷和访谈数据表明，他们对 SHIFT 的态度非常有利，特别是对 Fitbit 的评价很高，有很高比例的司机表示经常使用它（89.1%）。79.2%的干预参与者参加了教育课程，他们认为这有助于促进知识和行为改变，饮食改变也主要被回忆起来。尽管不属于干预措施的一部分，但参与者报告说健康评估的反馈激励他们改变生活方式的某些方面（干预组为 91.1%，对照组为 67.5%）。驾驶室锻炼设备的使用频率较低，在访谈中也被评价不佳。工作中健康生活方式的主要障碍是长时间工作和不规律的轮班模式。对干预措施的最大改进建议是更频繁地与司机接触。经理们对 SHIFT 的目标持积极态度，但几乎所有人都提到了与实施相关的挑战，特别是在较小的站点。
总体而言，SHIFT 主要按照预期实施，交付和方案之间几乎没有差异。话虽如此，每个运输站点都有独特的特点，这可能需要根据个别情况进行调整，以鼓励参与。经理和司机报告说，SHIFT 需要纳入未来的专业能力证书培训，他们对此感到热情和必要。
ISRCTN8252034（注册日期：2017 年 3 月 1 日）。
