Alavi Seyyed Salman, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Soori Hamid, Ghanizadeh Maryam
Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2017 Apr;12(2):78-86.
Driving is a complex behavior and is affected by several factors. This cohort study aimed at representing the main determinants such as personality features, driving behavior, and mental illnesses on driving violation based on logistic regression. In this cohort study, 800 heavy truck and lorry drivers were recruited. Participants were selected from those individuals who referred to Imam Sajjad hospital in Tehran, Iran during fall 2013 to summer 2015. Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), Big Five Personality Test (NEO Personality Inventory), and SADS (Semi-Structural Interview) were used in this study. After 2 years, we checked all traffic violations caused by human factors involving the drivers. SPSS Version 18 was used for data analysis; t test and logistic regression (OR) was also used. The findings of the present study revealed significant differences between the 2 groups of drivers (those who were and were not involved in driving offenses) with respect to controlling the effective and demographic variables. Moreover, it was found that depression and anxiety could increase the chance of accidents (2.4 and 2.7 accidents odds, respectively) (P = 0.04, P = 0.004). Furthermore, just neuroticism could increase 1.1 odds of traffic offences (P = 0.009), but other personality traits did not have an effect on the equation. Consistent with previous examinations, some mental disorders may affect traffic violations. Considering the magnitude and sensitivity of driving behavior, it is essential to evaluate multiple psychological factors in drivers before and after receiving or renewing their driver's licenses.
驾驶是一种复杂行为，受多种因素影响。这项队列研究旨在基于逻辑回归呈现诸如人格特征、驾驶行为和精神疾病等主要决定因素对交通违规的影响。在这项队列研究中，招募了800名重型卡车和货车司机。参与者从2013年秋季至2015年夏季期间前往伊朗德黑兰伊玛目萨贾德医院就诊的人员中选取。本研究使用了曼彻斯特驾驶行为问卷（MDBQ）、大五人格测试（NEO人格量表）和SADS（半结构式访谈）。两年后，我们检查了所有由涉及司机的人为因素导致的交通违规情况。使用SPSS 18版进行数据分析；还使用了t检验和逻辑回归（OR）。本研究结果显示，在控制有效变量和人口统计学变量方面，两组司机（涉及和未涉及驾驶违规的司机）之间存在显著差异。此外，研究发现抑郁和焦虑会增加事故发生几率（分别为2.4和2.7次事故几率）（P = 0.04，P = 0.004）。此外，只有神经质会使交通违规几率增加1.1倍（P = 0.009），但其他人格特质对该等式没有影响。与先前的研究一致，一些精神障碍可能会影响交通违规行为。考虑到驾驶行为的重要性和敏感性，在司机领取或更新驾照之前和之后评估其多种心理因素至关重要。
